वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-3, chapter-51, verse-14

न ह्यहं तमपश्यन्ती भर्तारं विबुधोपमम् ।
उत्सहे शत्रुवशगा प्राणान्धारयितुं चिरम् ॥१४॥

14. na hyahaṃ tamapaśyantī bhartāraṃ vibudhopamam ,
utsahe śatruvaśagā prāṇāndhārayituṃ ciram.

14. na hi aham tam apaśyantī bhartāram vibudhopamam
utsahe śatruvaśagā prāṇān dhārayitum ciram

14. hi aham śatruvaśagā tam vibudhopamam bhartāram
apaśyantī prāṇān ciram dhārayitum na utsahe

14. I, having fallen into the enemy's power, cannot possibly sustain my life for long without seeing that husband of mine who is like a god.

Words meanings summery:

• न (na) - not, no

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for

• अहम् (aham) - I

• तम् (tam) - him, that

• अपश्यन्ती (apaśyantī) - not seeing, without seeing

• भर्तारम् (bhartāram) - husband, supporter

• विबुधोपमम् (vibudhopamam) - god-like, resembling a god

• उत्सहे (utsahe) - I am able (to sustain) (I am able, I endeavor)

• शत्रुवशगा (śatruvaśagā) - fallen into the enemy's power, under enemy control

• प्राणान् (prāṇān) - lives, vital breaths

• धारयितुम् (dhārayitum) - to sustain, to hold, to maintain

• चिरम् (ciram) - for long, for a long time

Words meanings and morphology

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for

(indeclinable)

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, ego

तम् (tam) - him, that

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

अपश्यन्ती (apaśyantī) - not seeing, without seeing

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of apaśyant

apaśyant - not seeing, not perceiving

Present Active Participle

Derived from root √dṛś (to see), with prefix 'a-' (negation) and present participle suffix '-śatṛ'. Feminine nominative singular.

Prefix: a

Root: dṛś (class 1)

भर्तारम् (bhartāram) - husband, supporter

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhartṛ

bhartṛ - husband, lord, supporter, maintainer

Agent noun from root √bhṛ (to bear, support).

Root: bhṛ (class 1)

विबुधोपमम् (vibudhopamam) - god-like, resembling a god

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vibudhopama

vibudhopama - god-like, resembling a god

Compound noun describing a resemblance.

Compound type : upama (vibudha+upama)

• vibudha – god, deity, wise person
  noun (masculine)
  From 'vi' (prefix) + 'budha' (wise).
  Prefix: vi
  Root: budh (class 1)
• upama – likeness, comparison, resemblance, similar
  adjective (masculine)

उत्सहे (utsahe) - I am able (to sustain) (I am able, I endeavor)

(verb)

1st person , singular, middle, present (lat) of ut-sah

Present Indicative

Present tense, 1st person, singular, middle voice (ātmanepada).

Prefix: ut

Root: sah (class 1)

शत्रुवशगा (śatruvaśagā) - fallen into the enemy's power, under enemy control

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of śatruvaśagā

śatruvaśagā - fallen into the power of the enemy

Compound describing one who has gone into the enemy's power.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śatru+vaśa+gā)

• śatru – enemy, foe, rival
  noun (masculine)
• vaśa – control, power, subjugation
  noun (masculine)
• gā – going, having gone, reaching
  adjective (feminine)
  Feminine form of 'ga' (from root √gam, to go), used here to mean 'fallen into'.
  Root: gam (class 1)

प्राणान् (prāṇān) - lives, vital breaths

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of prāṇa

prāṇa - life, breath, vital air, spirit

From prefix 'pra-' and root √an (to breathe).

Prefix: pra

Root: an (class 2)

धारयितुम् (dhārayitum) - to sustain, to hold, to maintain

(verb)

active, infinitive of dhṛ

Infinitive

Causative stem of √dhṛ (P.10) + infinitive suffix -tum.

Root: dhṛ (class 10)

चिरम् (ciram) - for long, for a long time

(indeclinable)