वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-3, chapter-51, verse-4

त्वयैव नूनं दुष्टात्मन्भीरुणा हर्तुमिच्छता ।
ममापवाहितो भर्ता मृगरूपेण मायया ।
यो हि मामुद्यतस्त्रातुं सो ऽप्ययं विनिपातितः ॥४॥

4. tvayaiva nūnaṃ duṣṭātmanbhīruṇā hartumicchatā ,
mamāpavāhito bhartā mṛgarūpeṇa māyayā ,
yo hi māmudyatastrātuṃ so'pyayaṃ vinipātitaḥ.

4. tvayā eva nūnam duṣṭātman bhīruṇā
hartum icchatā mama apavāhitaḥ bhartā
mṛgarūpeṇa māyayā yaḥ hi mām udyataḥ
trātum saḥ api ayam vinipātitaḥ

4. duṣṭātman nūnam tvayā eva bhīruṇā
hartum icchatā mama bhartā mṛgarūpeṇa
māyayā apavāhitaḥ hi yaḥ mām trātum
udyataḥ saḥ ayam api vinipātitaḥ

4. O wicked-souled one, it was indeed by you, the cowardly one who wished to abduct (me), that my husband was led away by an illusory deer form (māyā). And even he, who was prepared to rescue me, this very one has been struck down.

Words meanings summery:

• त्वया (tvayā) - by Rāvaṇa (by you)

• एव (eva) - emphasizes `tvayā` (by you alone) (indeed, certainly, only)

• नूनम् (nūnam) - emphasizes the certainty of Rāvaṇa's action (certainly, indeed, surely)

• दुष्टात्मन् (duṣṭātman) - Sītā addresses Rāvaṇa as having a wicked nature (O wicked-souled one)

• भीरुणा (bhīruṇā) - by Rāvaṇa, who is cowardly (by the cowardly one, by the timid one)

• हर्तुम् (hartum) - to abduct Sītā (to seize, to carry away, to abduct)

• इच्छता (icchatā) - by Rāvaṇa who desired to abduct (by the desiring one, by the wishing one)

• मम (mama) - Sītā referring to her husband (my, of me)

• अपवाहितः (apavāhitaḥ) - Sītā's husband (Rāma) was led astray (was carried away, was removed, was misled)

• भर्ता (bhartā) - Sītā's husband, Rāma (husband, supporter, lord)

• मृगरूपेण (mṛgarūpeṇa) - by the magical deer form that lured Rāma away (by the form of a deer)

• मायया (māyayā) - through Rāvaṇa's magical power of illusion (by illusion (māyā), by magical power)

• यः (yaḥ) - refers to Sītā's husband, Rāma (who, which)

• हि (hi) - Emphasizes the statement about the husband (indeed, for, because)

• माम् (mām) - Sītā referring to herself (me)

• उद्यतः (udyataḥ) - Rāma was prepared to save Sītā (ready, prepared, undertaken)

• त्रातुम् (trātum) - to save Sītā (to save, to protect)

• सः (saḥ) - refers to Sītā's husband, Rāma (he, that one)

• अपि (api) - even that one (Rāma) (even, also)

• अयम् (ayam) - refers to Rāma (this (one))

• विनिपातितः (vinipātitaḥ) - Rāma was killed by Rāvaṇa/Mārīca in deer form (was struck down, was killed, was overthrown)

Words meanings and morphology

त्वया (tvayā) - by Rāvaṇa (by you)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of tva

tva - you (second person pronoun)

Note: Agent of the passive verb `apavāhitaḥ`.

एव (eva) - emphasizes `tvayā` (by you alone) (indeed, certainly, only)

(indeclinable)

नूनम् (nūnam) - emphasizes the certainty of Rāvaṇa's action (certainly, indeed, surely)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

दुष्टात्मन् (duṣṭātman) - Sītā addresses Rāvaṇa as having a wicked nature (O wicked-souled one)

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of duṣṭātman

duṣṭātman - wicked-souled, evil-minded, vile person

Bahuvrīhi compound of `duṣṭa` and `ātman`.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (duṣṭa+ātman)

• duṣṭa – wicked, evil, bad, corrupted
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From √duṣ (to be bad, corrupt)
  Root: √duṣ (class 4)
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essential nature (ātman)
  noun (masculine)

भीरुणा (bhīruṇā) - by Rāvaṇa, who is cowardly (by the cowardly one, by the timid one)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of bhīru

bhīru - timid, fearful, cowardly

From √bhī (to fear) + `ru` suffix.

Root: √bhī (class 3)

Note: Modifies `tvayā`.

हर्तुम् (hartum) - to abduct Sītā (to seize, to carry away, to abduct)

(indeclinable)

Infinitive

Formed with suffix `tum`.

Root: √hṛ (class 1)

Note: Used with `icchatā`.

इच्छता (icchatā) - by Rāvaṇa who desired to abduct (by the desiring one, by the wishing one)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of icchat

icchat - desiring, wishing

Present Active Participle

From √iṣ (to wish, desire)

Root: √iṣ (class 4)

Note: Modifies `tvayā`.

मम (mama) - Sītā referring to her husband (my, of me)

(pronoun)

Genitive, feminine, singular of mad

mad - I, me (first person pronoun)

Note: Possessive, modifies `bhartā`.

अपवाहितः (apavāhitaḥ) - Sītā's husband (Rāma) was led astray (was carried away, was removed, was misled)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of apavāhita

apavāhita - carried away, removed, led astray, misled

Past Passive Participle (causative stem)

From `apa-vah` (causative of √vah - to carry).

Prefix: apa

Root: √vah (class 1)

Note: Predicate adjective, describing `bhartā`.

भर्ता (bhartā) - Sītā's husband, Rāma (husband, supporter, lord)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhartṛ

bhartṛ - husband, supporter, master, lord

Agent noun

From √bhṛ (to bear, support, maintain) + `tṛ` suffix.

Root: √bhṛ (class 3)

Note: Subject of the passive construction.

मृगरूपेण (mṛgarūpeṇa) - by the magical deer form that lured Rāma away (by the form of a deer)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of mṛgarūpa

mṛgarūpa - deer-form, in the shape of a deer

Tatpuruṣa compound `mṛgasya rūpam`.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mṛga+rūpa)

• mṛga – deer, wild animal
  noun (masculine)
  Root: √mṛg (class 6)
• rūpa – form, shape, appearance, beauty
  noun (neuter)

Note: Instrumental of means.

मायया (māyayā) - through Rāvaṇa's magical power of illusion (by illusion (māyā), by magical power)

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of māyā

māyā - illusion, magic, supernatural power, trickery, artifice (māyā)

Note: Instrumental of means.

यः (yaḥ) - refers to Sītā's husband, Rāma (who, which)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what (relative pronoun)

Note: Relative pronoun, subject of the relative clause.

हि (hi) - Emphasizes the statement about the husband (indeed, for, because)

(indeclinable)

माम् (mām) - Sītā referring to herself (me)

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of mad

mad - I, me (first person pronoun)

Note: Direct object of `trātum`.

उद्यतः (udyataḥ) - Rāma was prepared to save Sītā (ready, prepared, undertaken)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of udyata

udyata - prepared, ready, engaged in, undertaken

Past Passive Participle

From `ud-yam` (to prepare, undertake).

Prefix: ud

Root: √yam (class 1)

Note: Modifies `yaḥ`.

त्रातुम् (trātum) - to save Sītā (to save, to protect)

(indeclinable)

Infinitive

Formed with suffix `tum`.

Root: √trā (class 2)

सः (saḥ) - refers to Sītā's husband, Rāma (he, that one)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it (demonstrative pronoun)

अपि (api) - even that one (Rāma) (even, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

अयम् (ayam) - refers to Rāma (this (one))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one (demonstrative pronoun)

Note: Modifies `saḥ`, adding emphasis.

विनिपातितः (vinipātitaḥ) - Rāma was killed by Rāvaṇa/Mārīca in deer form (was struck down, was killed, was overthrown)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vinipātita

vinipātita - struck down, killed, overthrown, fallen

Past Passive Participle (causative stem)

From `vi-ni-pat` (to cause to fall, to strike down).

Prefixes: vi+ni

Root: √pat (class 1)

Note: Predicate adjective, main verb of the second sentence.