वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-3, chapter-51, verse-16

मुमूर्षूणां हि सर्वेषां यत् पथ्यं तन्न रोचते ।
पश्यामीव हि कण्ठे त्वां कालपाशावपाशितम् ॥१६॥

16. mumūrṣūṇāṃ hi sarveṣāṃ yat pathyaṃ tanna rocate ,
paśyāmīva hi kaṇṭhe tvāṃ kālapāśāvapāśitam.

16. mumūrṣūṇām hi sarveṣām yat pathyam tat na rocate
paśyāmi iva hi kaṇṭhe tvām kālapāśāvapāśitam

16. hi sarveṣām mumūrṣūṇām yat pathyam tat na rocate
hi iva kaṇṭhe tvām kālapāśāvapāśitam paśyāmi

16. Indeed, what is beneficial is not pleasing to all who are on the verge of death. I clearly see you as if bound by the noose of time (kālapāśa) around your neck.

Words meanings summery:

• मुमूर्षूणाम् (mumūrṣūṇām) - of those desirous of dying, of those on the verge of death

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for

• सर्वेषाम् (sarveṣām) - of all

• यत् (yat) - which, what

• पथ्यम् (pathyam) - beneficial, wholesome, suitable

• तत् (tat) - that, it

• न (na) - not, no

• रोचते (rocate) - it pleases, it shines, it appeals

• पश्यामि (paśyāmi) - I see, I behold

• इव (iva) - like, as if, as it were

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for

• कण्ठे (kaṇṭhe) - in the neck, at the throat

• त्वाम् (tvām) - you (accusative singular)

• कालपाशावपाशितम् (kālapāśāvapāśitam) - bound by the noose of time/death

Words meanings and morphology

मुमूर्षूणाम् (mumūrṣūṇām) - of those desirous of dying, of those on the verge of death

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of mumūrṣu

mumūrṣu - desirous of dying, on the point of death

Desiderative Participle

Desiderative stem of root √mṛ (to die) + suffix -u. Genitive plural form.

Root: mṛ (class 6)

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for

(indeclinable)

सर्वेषाम् (sarveṣām) - of all

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, entire

यत् (yat) - which, what

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what, who

पथ्यम् (pathyam) - beneficial, wholesome, suitable

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of pathya

pathya - suitable, fit, wholesome, beneficial (for a path or journey)

Gerundive

Derived from 'patha' (path) + '-ya'.

तत् (tat) - that, it

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

रोचते (rocate) - it pleases, it shines, it appeals

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (lat) of ruc

Present Indicative

Present tense, 3rd person, singular, middle voice (ātmanepada).

Root: ruc (class 1)

पश्यामि (paśyāmi) - I see, I behold

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (lat) of paś

Present Indicative

Present tense, 1st person, singular, active voice (parasmaipada). The root √dṛś changes to paś in the present stem.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

इव (iva) - like, as if, as it were

(indeclinable)

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for

(indeclinable)

कण्ठे (kaṇṭhe) - in the neck, at the throat

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of kaṇṭha

kaṇṭha - neck, throat, voice

त्वाम् (tvām) - you (accusative singular)

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

कालपाशावपाशितम् (kālapāśāvapāśitam) - bound by the noose of time/death

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kālapāśāvapāśita

kālapāśāvapāśita - bound by the noose of Time (Death)

Compound noun formed from 'kāla', 'pāśa', and a past passive participle 'avapāśita'.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kāla+pāśa+avapāśita)

• kāla – time, season, period, death
  noun (masculine)
• pāśa – noose, snare, fetter, bond
  noun (masculine)
• avapāśita – bound, tied down
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Past passive participle of root √pāś (to bind), with prefix 'ava-'.
  Prefix: ava
  Root: pāś (class 10)