वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-3, chapter-15, verse-32

न पित्र्यमनुवर्न्तन्ते मातृकं द्विपदा इति ।
ख्यातो लोकप्रवादो ऽयं भरतेनान्यथाकृतः ॥३२॥

32. na pitryamanuvarntante mātṛkaṃ dvipadā iti ,
khyāto lokapravādo'yaṃ bharatenānyathākṛtaḥ.

32. na pitryam anuvartante mātṛkam dvipadāḥ iti
khyātaḥ lokapravādaḥ ayam bharatena anyathākṛtaḥ

32. ayam khyātaḥ lokapravādaḥ iti dvipadāḥ na pitryam
mātṛkam anuvartante bharatena anyathākṛtaḥ

32. This well-known popular saying, 'Bipeds follow the maternal rather than the paternal (inheritance),' has been contradicted by Bharata.

Words meanings summery:

• न (na) - not, no

• पित्र्यम् (pitryam) - paternal, ancestral, belonging to the father

• अनुवर्तन्ते (anuvartante) - they follow, they conform to

• मातृकम् (mātṛkam) - maternal, belonging to the mother

• द्विपदाः (dvipadāḥ) - bipeds, two-footed creatures (humans)

• इति (iti) - thus, so, marking a quotation

• ख्यातः (khyātaḥ) - known, famous, well-known

• लोकप्रवादः (lokapravādaḥ) - popular saying, common belief, public rumor

• अयम् (ayam) - this

• भरतेन (bharatena) - by Bharata (Rama's brother) (by Bharata)

• अन्यथाकृतः (anyathākṛtaḥ) - made otherwise, contradicted, inverted

Words meanings and morphology

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

पित्र्यम् (pitryam) - paternal, ancestral, belonging to the father

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of pitrya

pitrya - paternal, ancestral, belonging to a father

Derived from 'pitṛ' (father) with suffix '-ya'.

Note: Refers to paternal inheritance or wishes.

अनुवर्तन्ते (anuvartante) - they follow, they conform to

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, present (laṭ) of anuvṛt

present

Present middle (ātmanepada) third person plural of root 'vṛt' with prefix 'anu-'.

Prefix: anu

Root: vṛt (class 1)

मातृकम् (mātṛkam) - maternal, belonging to the mother

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of mātṛka

mātṛka - maternal, belonging to a mother

Derived from 'mātṛ' (mother) with suffix '-ka'.

Note: Refers to maternal inheritance or wishes (Kaikeyi's boon).

द्विपदाः (dvipadāḥ) - bipeds, two-footed creatures (humans)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of dvipad

dvipad - two-footed, biped; a human being

Compound of 'dvi' (two) and 'pad' (foot).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dvi+pad)

• dvi – two
  numeral
• pad – foot
  noun (masculine)

Note: Refers to human beings.

इति (iti) - thus, so, marking a quotation

(indeclinable)

ख्यातः (khyātaḥ) - known, famous, well-known

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of khyāta

khyāta - known, famous, renowned, celebrated

past passive participle

Formed from root 'khyā' (to be known) with suffix '-ta'.

Root: khyā (class 2)

लोकप्रवादः (lokapravādaḥ) - popular saying, common belief, public rumor

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of lokapravāda

lokapravāda - popular saying, common report, public opinion

Compound of 'loka' (people, world) and 'pravāda' (saying, report).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (loka+pravāda)

• loka – world, people, community
  noun (masculine)
• pravāda – speech, saying, report, rumor
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root 'vad' (to speak) with prefix 'pra-'.
  Prefix: pra
  Root: vad (class 1)

अयम् (ayam) - this

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, here

Masculine nominative singular of 'idam'.

भरतेन (bharatena) - by Bharata (Rama's brother) (by Bharata)

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of bharata

bharata - Bharata (a proper name, often a king or hero); India; one who is maintained or supported

Instrumental singular of 'bharata'.

Root: bhṛ (class 1)

Note: Agent of 'anyathākṛtaḥ'.

अन्यथाकृतः (anyathākṛtaḥ) - made otherwise, contradicted, inverted

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of anyathākṛta

anyathākṛta - made otherwise, altered, changed, contradicted

past passive participle

Compound of 'anyathā' (otherwise) and 'kṛta' (made, done). 'kṛta' is from root 'kṛ' with suffix '-ta'.

Compound type : avyayībhāva (anyathā+kṛta)

• anyathā – otherwise, in a different manner
  indeclinable
• kṛta – made, done, performed
  adjective (masculine)
  past passive participle
  Derived from root 'kṛ' (to do, make).
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

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