वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-3, chapter-15, verse-12

निवृत्ताकाशशयनाः पुष्यनीता हिमारुणाः ।
शीता वृद्धतरायामास्त्रियामा यान्ति साम्प्रतम् ॥१२॥

12. nivṛttākāśaśayanāḥ puṣyanītā himāruṇāḥ ,
śītā vṛddhatarāyāmāstriyāmā yānti sāmpratam.

12. nivṛttākāśaśayanāḥ puṣyanītāḥ himāruṇāḥ śītāḥ
vṛddhatarāyāmāḥ triyāmāḥ yānti sāmpratam

12. sāmpratam triyāmāḥ nivṛttākāśaśayanāḥ puṣyanītāḥ
himāruṇāḥ śītāḥ vṛddhatarāyāmāḥ yānti

12. The nights now pass, marked by the cessation of open-air sleeping, influenced by the Pushya constellation, reddened by frost, cold, and their duration is greatly increased.

Words meanings summery:

• निवृत्ताकाशशयनाः (nivṛttākāśaśayanāḥ) - having ceased open-air sleeping, where open-air sleeping has stopped

• पुष्यनीताः (puṣyanītāḥ) - led/brought by Pushya (constellation)

• हिमारुणाः (himāruṇāḥ) - reddened by frost, tinged with snow

• शीताः (śītāḥ) - cold

• वृद्धतरायामाः (vṛddhatarāyāmāḥ) - having greatly increased duration, whose duration is much extended

• त्रियामाः (triyāmāḥ) - nights (lit. 'three watches')

• यान्ति (yānti) - go, move, pass

• साम्प्रतम् (sāmpratam) - now, at present, currently

Words meanings and morphology

निवृत्ताकाशशयनाः (nivṛttākāśaśayanāḥ) - having ceased open-air sleeping, where open-air sleeping has stopped

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of nivṛttākāśaśayana

nivṛttākāśaśayana - having ceased open-air sleeping

Compound type : Bahuvrihi (nivṛtta+ākāśa+śayana)

• nivṛtta – ceased, stopped, returned
  verbal derivative
  Past Passive Participle
  Prefix: ni
  Root: vṛt
• ākāśa – sky, open space
  noun (masculine)
• śayana – sleeping, bed
  noun (neuter)
  Root: śī

पुष्यनीताः (puṣyanītāḥ) - led/brought by Pushya (constellation)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of puṣyanīta

puṣyanīta - led/brought by Pushya (constellation)

Compound type : Tatpurusha (puṣya+nīta)

• puṣya – Pushya (a lunar mansion, star constellation)
  proper noun (masculine)
• nīta – led, guided, brought
  verbal derivative
  Past Passive Participle
  Root: nī (class 1)

हिमारुणाः (himāruṇāḥ) - reddened by frost, tinged with snow

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of himāruṇa

himāruṇa - reddened by frost, tinged with snow

Compound type : Tatpurusha (hima+aruṇa)

• hima – snow, frost, cold
  noun (neuter)
• aruṇa – reddish, dawn, red
  adjective (masculine)

शीताः (śītāḥ) - cold

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of śīta

śīta - cold, chilly

वृद्धतरायामाः (vṛddhatarāyāmāḥ) - having greatly increased duration, whose duration is much extended

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of vṛddhatarāyāma

vṛddhatarāyāma - having greatly increased duration

Compound type : Bahuvrihi (vṛddhatara+āyāma)

• vṛddhatara – greatly increased, more increased
  adjective
  Comparative suffix -tara added to vṛddha (Past Passive Participle of vṛdh 'to grow').
  Root: vṛdh
• āyāma – length, extent, duration
  noun (masculine)

त्रियामाः (triyāmāḥ) - nights (lit. 'three watches')

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of triyāmā

triyāmā - night (composed of three watches - yāmas)

यान्ति (yānti) - go, move, pass

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of yā

Root: yā (class 2)

साम्प्रतम् (sāmpratam) - now, at present, currently

(indeclinable)

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