वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-3, chapter-15, verse-4

अयं स कालः संप्राप्तः प्रियो यस्ते प्रियंवद ।
अलंकृत इवाभाति येन संवत्सरः शुभः ॥४॥

4. ayaṃ sa kālaḥ saṃprāptaḥ priyo yaste priyaṃvada ,
alaṃkṛta ivābhāti yena saṃvatsaraḥ śubhaḥ.

4. ayam saḥ kālaḥ samprāptaḥ priyaḥ yaḥ te priyaṃvada
alaṅkṛtaḥ iva ābhāti yena saṃvatsaraḥ śubhaḥ

4. he priyaṃvada! ayam saḥ priyaḥ kālaḥ te yaḥ samprāptaḥ
yena śubhaḥ saṃvatsaraḥ alaṅkṛtaḥ iva ābhāti

4. "O sweet-speaker (Rama), this beloved season, which is dear to you, has arrived. It is by this season that the auspicious year appears as if adorned."

Words meanings summery:

• अयम् (ayam) - this

• सः (saḥ) - that, he

• कालः (kālaḥ) - this season (time, season)

• सम्प्राप्तः (samprāptaḥ) - arrived, obtained, reached

• प्रियः (priyaḥ) - beloved, dear, pleasing

• यः (yaḥ) - who, which

• ते (te) - to you, for you, your

• प्रियंवद (priyaṁvada) - O Rama (who speaks pleasantly) (O sweet-speaker, one who speaks pleasantly)

• अलङ्कृतः (alaṅkṛtaḥ) - adorned, decorated

• इव (iva) - as if, like, as it were

• आभाति (ābhāti) - shines, appears, looks like

• येन (yena) - by this season (by which, by whom)

• संवत्सरः (saṁvatsaraḥ) - year

• शुभः (śubhaḥ) - auspicious, beautiful, bright

Words meanings and morphology

अयम् (ayam) - this

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, these

सः (saḥ) - that, he

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

कालः (kālaḥ) - this season (time, season)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kāla

kāla - time, period, season, right moment

सम्प्राप्तः (samprāptaḥ) - arrived, obtained, reached

(verbal derivative)

प्रियः (priyaḥ) - beloved, dear, pleasing

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of priya

priya - dear, beloved, pleasing, favorite

यः (yaḥ) - who, which

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - which, who, what

ते (te) - to you, for you, your

(pronoun)

singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (pronoun)

प्रियंवद (priyaṁvada) - O Rama (who speaks pleasantly) (O sweet-speaker, one who speaks pleasantly)

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of priyaṃvada

priyaṁvada - speaking kindly or pleasantly, a sweet-speaker

Compound type : Aluk Tatpurusha / Bahuvrihi (priyam+vada)

• priya – dear, beloved, pleasant
  adjective (neuter)
• vada – speaking, speaker (from root 'vad' to speak)
  noun (masculine)
  Root 'vad' with suffix '-a'.
  Root: vad (class 1)

अलङ्कृतः (alaṅkṛtaḥ) - adorned, decorated

(verbal derivative)

इव (iva) - as if, like, as it were

(indeclinable)

आभाति (ābhāti) - shines, appears, looks like

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of bhā

Prefix: ā

Root: bhā (class 2)

येन (yena) - by this season (by which, by whom)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of yad

yad - which, who, what

Note: Refers to 'kālaḥ' (season).

संवत्सरः (saṁvatsaraḥ) - year

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃvatsara

saṁvatsara - year

शुभः (śubhaḥ) - auspicious, beautiful, bright

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śubha

śubha - auspicious, propitious, beautiful, bright, pure

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