वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-3, chapter-15, verse-18

मयूखैरुपसर्पद्भिर्हिमनीहारसंवृतैः ।
दूरमभ्युदितः सूर्यः शशाङ्क इव लक्ष्यते ॥१८॥

18. mayūkhairupasarpadbhirhimanīhārasaṃvṛtaiḥ ,
dūramabhyuditaḥ sūryaḥ śaśāṅka iva lakṣyate.

18. mayūkhaiḥ upasarpadbhiḥ himanīhārasaṃvṛtaiḥ
dūram abhyuditaḥ sūryaḥ śaśāṅkaḥ iva lakṣyate

18. sūryaḥ dūram abhyuditaḥ himanīhārasaṃvṛtaiḥ
upasarpadbhiḥ mayūkhaiḥ śaśāṅkaḥ iva lakṣyate

18. The sun, though risen far in the sky, appears like the moon, its rays enveloped by frost and mist.

Words meanings summery:

• मयूखैः (mayūkhaiḥ) - by rays, by beams of light

• उपसर्पद्भिः (upasarpadbhiḥ) - by those approaching, by those spreading

• हिमनीहारसंवृतैः (himanīhārasaṁvṛtaiḥ) - by those covered/enveloped by frost and mist

• दूरम् (dūram) - far, from afar, remotely

• अभ्युदितः (abhyuditaḥ) - risen, ascended, appeared

• सूर्यः (sūryaḥ) - the sun

• शशाङ्कः (śaśāṅkaḥ) - the moon

• इव (iva) - like, as if, as

• लक्ष्यते (lakṣyate) - is seen, appears

Words meanings and morphology

मयूखैः (mayūkhaiḥ) - by rays, by beams of light

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of mayūkha

mayūkha - ray, beam of light, lustre

उपसर्पद्भिः (upasarpadbhiḥ) - by those approaching, by those spreading

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of upasarpant

upasarpant - approaching, moving towards, spreading

Present Active Participle

Derived from root sṛp (to creep, move) with upasarga upa.

Prefix: upa

Root: sṛp (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'mayūkhaiḥ'.

हिमनीहारसंवृतैः (himanīhārasaṁvṛtaiḥ) - by those covered/enveloped by frost and mist

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of himanīhārasaṃvṛta

himanīhārasaṁvṛta - covered by frost and mist

Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (hima+nihāra+saṃvṛta)

• hima – frost, snow, cold
  noun (neuter)
• nihāra – mist, fog
  noun (masculine)
• saṃvṛta – covered, enclosed, hidden
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root vṛ (to cover) with upasarga saṃ.
  Prefix: sam
  Root: vṛ (class 5)

Note: Modifies 'mayūkhaiḥ'.

दूरम् (dūram) - far, from afar, remotely

(indeclinable)

Note: Used adverbially (accusative singular neuter of adjective).

अभ्युदितः (abhyuditaḥ) - risen, ascended, appeared

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of abhyudita

abhyudita - risen, ascended, appeared, prominent

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root i (to go) with upasargas abhi and ud.

Prefixes: abhi+ud

Root: i (class 2)

Note: Modifies 'sūryaḥ'.

सूर्यः (sūryaḥ) - the sun

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sūrya

sūrya - sun, the sun-god

शशाङ्कः (śaśāṅkaḥ) - the moon

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śaśāṅka

śaśāṅka - moon (literally 'marked with a hare')

इव (iva) - like, as if, as

(indeclinable)

लक्ष्यते (lakṣyate) - is seen, appears

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of lakṣ

Root: lakṣ (class 10)

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