वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-3, chapter-15, verse-21

अवश्यायतमोनद्धा नीहारतमसावृताः ।
प्रसुप्ता इव लक्ष्यन्ते विपुष्पा वनराजयः ॥२१॥

21. avaśyāyatamonaddhā nīhāratamasāvṛtāḥ ,
prasuptā iva lakṣyante vipuṣpā vanarājayaḥ.

21. avaśyāyatamonaddhāḥ nīhāratamasāvṛtāḥ
prasuptāḥ iva lakṣyante vipuṣpāḥ vanarājayaḥ

21. vipuṣpāḥ avaśyāyatamonaddhāḥ nīhāratamasāvṛtāḥ
vanarājayaḥ prasuptāḥ iva lakṣyante

21. The rows of forest trees, devoid of flowers, appear as if asleep, shrouded by the darkness of dew and enveloped by the gloom of mist.

Words meanings summery:

• अवश्यायतमोनद्धाः (avaśyāyatamonaddhāḥ) - bound/enveloped by the darkness of dew, shrouded in dew's gloom

• नीहारतमसावृताः (nīhāratamasāvṛtāḥ) - covered by the darkness of mist, enveloped by mist's gloom

• प्रसुप्ताः (prasuptāḥ) - sleeping, fallen asleep

• इव (iva) - like, as if, as

• लक्ष्यन्ते (lakṣyante) - are seen, appear

• विपुष्पाः (vipuṣpāḥ) - without flowers, flowerless, devoid of flowers

• वनराजयः (vanarājayaḥ) - lines of trees, rows of forests

Words meanings and morphology

अवश्यायतमोनद्धाः (avaśyāyatamonaddhāḥ) - bound/enveloped by the darkness of dew, shrouded in dew's gloom

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of avaśyāyatamonaddha

avaśyāyatamonaddha - enveloped in the darkness of dew

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (avaśyāya+tamas+naddha)

• avaśyāya – dew, hoar-frost
  noun (masculine)
• tamas – darkness, gloom
  noun (neuter)
• naddha – bound, tied, fastened, encompassed, enveloped
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root nah (to bind, tie).
  Root: nah (class 4)

Note: Modifies 'vanarājayaḥ'.

नीहारतमसावृताः (nīhāratamasāvṛtāḥ) - covered by the darkness of mist, enveloped by mist's gloom

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of nīhāratamasāvṛta

nīhāratamasāvṛta - covered by the darkness of mist

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (nihāra+tamas+āvṛta)

• nihāra – mist, fog
  noun (masculine)
• tamas – darkness, gloom
  noun (neuter)
• āvṛta – covered, enveloped, surrounded
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root vṛ (to cover) with upasarga ā.
  Prefix: ā
  Root: vṛ (class 5)

Note: Modifies 'vanarājayaḥ'.

प्रसुप्ताः (prasuptāḥ) - sleeping, fallen asleep

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of prasupta

prasupta - sleeping, asleep, numb

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root svap (to sleep) with upasarga pra.

Prefix: pra

Root: svap (class 2)

Note: Modifies 'vanarājayaḥ'.

इव (iva) - like, as if, as

(indeclinable)

लक्ष्यन्ते (lakṣyante) - are seen, appear

(verb)

3rd person , plural, passive, present (laṭ) of lakṣ

Root: lakṣ (class 10)

विपुष्पाः (vipuṣpāḥ) - without flowers, flowerless, devoid of flowers

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of vipuṣpa

vipuṣpa - without flowers, flowerless; deprived of flowers

Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (vi+puṣpa)

• vi – without, apart, dis- (privative or intensive prefix)
  indeclinable
• puṣpa – flower, blossom
  noun (neuter)

Note: Modifies 'vanarājayaḥ'.

वनराजयः (vanarājayaḥ) - lines of trees, rows of forests

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of vanarāji

vanarāji - row of trees, line of forest

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (vana+rāji)

• vana – forest, wood, grove
  noun (neuter)
• rāji – line, row, range, streak
  noun (feminine)

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