वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-3, chapter-15, verse-3

प्रह्वः कलशहस्तस्तं सीतया सह वीर्यवान् ।
पृष्ठतो ऽनुव्रजन्भ्राता सौमित्रिरिदमब्रवीत् ॥३॥

3. prahvaḥ kalaśahastastaṃ sītayā saha vīryavān ,
pṛṣṭhato'nuvrajanbhrātā saumitriridamabravīt.

3. prahvaḥ kalaśahastaḥ tam sītayā saha vīryavān
pṛṣṭhataḥ anuvrajan bhrātā saumitriḥ idam abravīt

3. prahvaḥ kalaśahastaḥ sītayā saha vīryavān bhrātā
saumitriḥ tam pṛṣṭhataḥ anuvrajan idam abravīt

3. Humbly, carrying a pitcher, accompanied by Sita, his mighty brother Saumitri (Lakshmana) followed him from behind and spoke these words.

Words meanings summery:

• प्रह्वः (prahvaḥ) - humble, bowed, bent

• कलशहस्तः (kalaśahastaḥ) - holding a pitcher in hand

• तम् (tam) - him (referring to Rama) (him, that (masculine accusative))

• सीतया (sītayā) - by Sita, with Sita

• सह (saha) - with, together with

• वीर्यवान् (vīryavān) - mighty, powerful, valorous

• पृष्ठतः (pṛṣṭhataḥ) - from behind, behind

• अनुव्रजन् (anuvrajan) - following, going after

• भ्राता (bhrātā) - brother

• सौमित्रिः (saumitriḥ) - Lakshmana (son of Sumitra)

• इदम् (idam) - these words (this)

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - he spoke, he said

Words meanings and morphology

प्रह्वः (prahvaḥ) - humble, bowed, bent

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prahva

prahva - bowed, humble, submissive

Prefix: pra

Root: hvī (class 1)

कलशहस्तः (kalaśahastaḥ) - holding a pitcher in hand

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kalaśahasta

kalaśahasta - having a pitcher in hand

Compound type : Bahuvrihi (kalaśa+hasta)

• kalaśa – pitcher, water-pot, jar
  noun (masculine)
• hasta – hand
  noun (masculine)

तम् (tam) - him (referring to Rama) (him, that (masculine accusative))

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

सीतया (sītayā) - by Sita, with Sita

(proper noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of sītā

sītā - Sita (wife of Rama)

सह (saha) - with, together with

(indeclinable)

Note: Governs the instrumental case.

वीर्यवान् (vīryavān) - mighty, powerful, valorous

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vīryavat

vīryavat - mighty, powerful, strong, valorous

पृष्ठतः (pṛṣṭhataḥ) - from behind, behind

(indeclinable)

अनुव्रजन् (anuvrajan) - following, going after

(verbal derivative)

भ्राता (bhrātā) - brother

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhrātṛ

bhrātṛ - brother

सौमित्रिः (saumitriḥ) - Lakshmana (son of Sumitra)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saumitri

saumitri - son of Sumitra (epithet for Lakshmana)

इदम् (idam) - these words (this)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, these

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - he spoke, he said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of brū

Root: brū (class 2)

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