वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-3, chapter-15, verse-26

त्यक्त्वा राज्यं च मानं च भोगांश्च विविधान्बहून् ।
तपस्वी नियताहारः शेते शीते महीतले ॥२६॥

26. tyaktvā rājyaṃ ca mānaṃ ca bhogāṃśca vividhānbahūn ,
tapasvī niyatāhāraḥ śete śīte mahītale.

26. tyaktvā rājyam ca mānam ca bhogān ca vividhān
bahūn tapasvī niyatāhāraḥ śete śīte mahītale

26. tapasvī niyatāhāraḥ rājyam ca mānam ca bahūn
vividhān bhogān ca tyaktvā śīte mahītale śete

26. Having abandoned both kingdom and honor, and many various enjoyments, he, an ascetic (tapas) with a regulated diet, sleeps on the cold ground.

Words meanings summery:

• त्यक्त्वा (tyaktvā) - having abandoned, having given up

• राज्यम् (rājyam) - kingdom, sovereignty, rule

• च (ca) - and, also

• मानम् (mānam) - honor, respect, pride, self-esteem

• च (ca) - and, also

• भोगान् (bhogān) - enjoyments, pleasures, possessions, experiences

• च (ca) - and, also

• विविधान् (vividhān) - various, diverse, manifold

• बहून् (bahūn) - many, numerous, much

• तपस्वी (tapasvī) - an ascetic, one who practices austerity (tapas)

• नियताहारः (niyatāhāraḥ) - one whose food is regulated, having restrained diet

• शेते (śete) - lies down, sleeps, rests

• शीते (śīte) - on the cold, in the cold

• महीतले (mahītale) - on the ground, on the earth's surface

Words meanings and morphology

त्यक्त्वा (tyaktvā) - having abandoned, having given up

(indeclinable)

Absolutive

Formed from root tyaj with suffix -tvā

Root: tyaj (class 1)

राज्यम् (rājyam) - kingdom, sovereignty, rule

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of rājya

rājya - kingdom, sovereignty, rule

From rājan (king) + -ya suffix

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

मानम् (mānam) - honor, respect, pride, self-esteem

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of māna

māna - honor, respect, pride, self-esteem

From root man (to think, believe)

Root: man (class 4)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

भोगान् (bhogān) - enjoyments, pleasures, possessions, experiences

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of bhoga

bhoga - enjoyment, pleasure, experience, possession, food

From root bhuj (to enjoy, eat)

Root: bhuj (class 7)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

विविधान् (vividhān) - various, diverse, manifold

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of vividha

vividha - various, diverse, manifold

vi (prefix) + vidha (kind, sort)

बहून् (bahūn) - many, numerous, much

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of bahu

bahu - many, numerous, much

तपस्वी (tapasvī) - an ascetic, one who practices austerity (tapas)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tapasvin

tapasvin - ascetic, devotee, one who practices austerity (tapas)

From tapas (austerity) + -vin suffix

नियताहारः (niyatāhāraḥ) - one whose food is regulated, having restrained diet

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of niyatāhāra

niyatāhāra - one whose food is regulated, having restrained diet

Compound

Compound type : bahuvrihi (niyata+āhāra)

• niyata – restrained, regulated, fixed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From ni + yam (to restrain)
  Prefix: ni
  Root: yam (class 1)
• āhāra – food, diet, sustenance
  noun (masculine)
  From ā + hṛ (to seize, take)
  Prefix: ā
  Root: hṛ (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'tapasvī'.

शेते (śete) - lies down, sleeps, rests

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of śī

Present Middle

Present middle 3rd singular

Root: śī (class 2)

शीते (śīte) - on the cold, in the cold

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of śīta

śīta - cold, cool, frigid

From root śyai (to be cold)

Root: śyai

Note: Qualifies 'mahītale'.

महीतले (mahītale) - on the ground, on the earth's surface

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of mahītala

mahītala - ground, earth's surface

Compound

Compound type : tatpurusha (mahī+tala)

• mahī – earth, ground
  noun (feminine)
  From mah (great)
  Root: mah
• tala – surface, plane, ground
  noun (neuter)
  Root: tṝ

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