वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-3, chapter-15, verse-25

अस्मिंस्तु पुरुषव्याघ्र काले दुःखसमन्वितः ।
तपश्चरति धर्मात्मा त्वद्भक्त्या भरतः पुरे ॥२५॥

25. asmiṃstu puruṣavyāghra kāle duḥkhasamanvitaḥ ,
tapaścarati dharmātmā tvadbhaktyā bharataḥ pure.

25. asmin tu puruṣavyāghra kāle duḥkhasamanvitaḥ
tapaḥ carati dharmātmā tvadbhaktyā bharataḥ pure

25. puruṣavyāghra asmin kāle dharmātmā bharataḥ
duḥkhasamanvitaḥ tvadbhaktyā pure tapaḥ carati

25. But in this season, O tiger among men (puruṣavyāghra), the righteous soul (dharmātmā) Bharata, filled with sorrow, performs severe austerities (tapas) in the city, driven by his devotion (bhakti) to you.

Words meanings summery:

• अस्मिन् (asmin) - in this

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, on the other hand

• पुरुषव्याघ्र (puruṣavyāghra) - O tiger among men, O foremost of men

• काले (kāle) - in the time, in the season

• दुःखसमन्वितः (duḥkhasamanvitaḥ) - accompanied by sorrow, distressed, filled with misery

• तपः (tapaḥ) - austerity, penance (tapas)

• चरति (carati) - he performs, he practices, he moves

• धर्मात्मा (dharmātmā) - the righteous soul, virtuous one, one whose intrinsic nature (dharma) is righteousness

• त्वद्भक्त्या (tvadbhaktyā) - by your devotion, by devotion to you

• भरतः (bharataḥ) - Bharata

• पुरे (pure) - in the city

Words meanings and morphology

अस्मिन् (asmin) - in this

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, that

Note: Agrees with kāle.

तु (tu) - but, indeed, on the other hand

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunctive/Adversative particle.

पुरुषव्याघ्र (puruṣavyāghra) - O tiger among men, O foremost of men

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of puruṣavyāghra

puruṣavyāghra - tiger among men, foremost of men, best of men

Tatpuruṣa compound (vyāghra iva puruṣaḥ)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (puruṣa+vyāghra)

• puruṣa – man, person, human being, spirit (puruṣa)
  noun (masculine)
• vyāghra – tiger
  noun (masculine)

Note: Addressed to Rama.

काले (kāle) - in the time, in the season

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of kāla

kāla - time, season, period

दुःखसमन्वितः (duḥkhasamanvitaḥ) - accompanied by sorrow, distressed, filled with misery

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of duḥkhasamanvita

duḥkhasamanvita - accompanied by sorrow, afflicted with misery, distressed

Tatpuruṣa compound

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (duḥkha+samanvita)

• duḥkha – sorrow, suffering, misery, pain
  noun (neuter)
• samanvita – endowed with, accompanied by, possessed of
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Prefixes: sam+anu
  Root: i

Note: Agrees with bharataḥ.

तपः (tapaḥ) - austerity, penance (tapas)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tapas

tapas - austerity, penance, religious mortification, heat (tapas)

Note: Object of carati.

चरति (carati) - he performs, he practices, he moves

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present indicative (laṭ) of car

Root: car (class 1)

धर्मात्मा (dharmātmā) - the righteous soul, virtuous one, one whose intrinsic nature (dharma) is righteousness

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharmātman

dharmātman - righteous soul, virtuous person, whose spirit (ātman) is righteousness (dharma)

Bahuvrīhi compound

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dharma+ātman)

• dharma – intrinsic nature, natural law, constitution, righteousness, duty (dharma)
  noun (masculine)
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, supreme soul (ātman)
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with bharataḥ.

त्वद्भक्त्या (tvadbhaktyā) - by your devotion, by devotion to you

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of tvadbhakti

tvadbhakti - devotion to you, your devotion

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (tvad+bhakti)

• tvad – you (stem for 2nd person pronoun)
  pronoun
• bhakti – devotion, attachment, loyalty (bhakti)
  noun (feminine)

भरतः (bharataḥ) - Bharata

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bharata

bharata - Bharata (name of a king, brother of Rama)

Note: Subject of the sentence.

पुरे (pure) - in the city

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of pura

pura - city, town, fortress

Note: Refers to Ayodhya.

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