वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-65, verse-4

वेगिनीं च कुलिङ्गाख्यां ह्रादिनीं पर्वतावृताम् ।
यमुनां प्राप्य संतीर्णो बलमाश्वासयत्तदा ॥४॥

4. veginīṃ ca kuliṅgākhyāṃ hrādinīṃ parvatāvṛtām ,
yamunāṃ prāpya saṃtīrṇo balamāśvāsayattadā.

4. veginīm ca kuliṅgākhyām hrādinīm parvatāvṛtām
yamunām prāpya satīrṇaḥ balam āśvāsayat tadā

4. veginīm hrādinīm parvatāvṛtām kuliṅgākhyām ca
yamunām prāpya saḥ satīrṇaḥ tadā balam āśvāsayat

4. Having reached the swift, noisy, mountain-girt river named Kulinga, and also the Yamuna, he, having crossed (them), then comforted his army.

Words meanings summery:

• वेगिनीम् (veginīm) - swift (river) (swift, rapid)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• कुलिङ्गाख्याम् (kuliṅgākhyām) - named Kulinga (a river) (named Kulinga)

• ह्रादिनीम् (hrādinīm) - noisy (river) (roaring, noisy, sounding)

• पर्वतावृताम् (parvatāvṛtām) - surrounded by mountains (river) (surrounded by mountains, mountain-girt)

• यमुनाम् (yamunām) - the river Yamuna (the Yamuna (river))

• प्राप्य (prāpya) - having reached (having reached, having obtained)

• सतीर्णः (satīrṇaḥ) - he, having crossed over (crossed over, traversed)

• बलम् (balam) - his army (army, force, strength)

• आश्वासयत् (āśvāsayat) - comforted (comforted, consoled, encouraged)

• तदा (tadā) - then (then, at that time)

Words meanings and morphology

वेगिनीम् (veginīm) - swift (river) (swift, rapid)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of veginī

veginī - swift, rapid, impetuous (feminine form of 'vegin')

From 'vega' (speed) + 'inī' (feminine suffix for possession).

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

कुलिङ्गाख्याम् (kuliṅgākhyām) - named Kulinga (a river) (named Kulinga)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of kuliṅgākhyā

kuliṅgākhyā - named Kulinga, having the name Kulinga

Compound of 'kuliṅga' (a kind of bird, or a region) and 'ākhyā' (name). Here refers to a river.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kuliṅga+ākhyā)

• kuliṅga – name of a bird, a region
  proper noun (masculine)
• ākhyā – name, appellation, designation
  noun (feminine)
  From root 'khyā' with prefix 'ā'.
  Prefix: ā
  Root: khyā (class 2)

ह्रादिनीम् (hrādinīm) - noisy (river) (roaring, noisy, sounding)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of hrādinī

hrādinī - roaring, noisy, sounding (feminine form of 'hrādin')

From root 'hrād' (to roar, make noise) + 'inī' (feminine suffix).

Root: hrād (class 1)

पर्वतावृताम् (parvatāvṛtām) - surrounded by mountains (river) (surrounded by mountains, mountain-girt)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of parvatāvṛtā

parvatāvṛtā - surrounded by mountains (feminine)

Compound of 'parvata' (mountain) and 'āvṛtā' (surrounded, covered).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (parvata+āvṛtā)

• parvata – mountain, hill
  noun (masculine)
• āvṛtā – surrounded, covered, enclosed (feminine)
  participle (feminine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From verb root 'vṛ' (to cover, enclose) with prefix 'ā'.
  Prefix: ā
  Root: vṛ (class 5)

यमुनाम् (yamunām) - the river Yamuna (the Yamuna (river))

(proper noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of yamunā

yamunā - the Yamuna river (a sacred river in India)

प्राप्य (prāpya) - having reached (having reached, having obtained)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

From verb root 'āp' (to obtain, reach) with prefix 'pra' and suffix 'lyaP'.

Prefix: pra

Root: āp (class 5)

सतीर्णः (satīrṇaḥ) - he, having crossed over (crossed over, traversed)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of satīrṇa

satīrṇa - crossed, traversed, gone through

Past Passive Participle

From verb root 'tṛ' (to cross) with prefix 'sam'.

Prefix: sam

Root: tṛ (class 1)

Note: Implies 'having crossed' by the agent.

बलम् (balam) - his army (army, force, strength)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of bala

bala - strength, power, force, army, troop

आश्वासयत् (āśvāsayat) - comforted (comforted, consoled, encouraged)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of āśvāsayat

Imperfect Causal

3rd person singular imperfect of the causal verb 'ā-śvas' (to breathe, to be at ease, hence causal: to cause to be at ease, comfort).

Prefix: ā

Root: śvas (class 2)

तदा (tadā) - then (then, at that time)

(indeclinable)

Adverb of time.

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