वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-65, verse-12

कलिङ्ग नगरे चापि प्राप्य सालवनं तदा ।
भरतः क्षिप्रमागच्छत् सुपरिश्रान्तवाहनः ॥१२॥

12. kaliṅga nagare cāpi prāpya sālavanaṃ tadā ,
bharataḥ kṣipramāgacchat supariśrāntavāhanaḥ.

12. kaliṅga nagare ca api prāpya sālavanam tadā
bharataḥ kṣipram āgacchat supariśrāntavāhanaḥ

12. tadā bharataḥ supariśrāntavāhanaḥ kaliṅga
nagare sālavanam ca api prāpya kṣipram āgacchat

12. Then, having reached the sāla forest in the city of Kalinga, Bharata quickly arrived, his vehicles extremely weary.

Words meanings summery:

• कलिङ्ग (kaliṅga) - Kalinga (name of the kingdom) (Kalinga (a kingdom))

• नगरे (nagare) - in the city

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• अपि (api) - also (also, even, too)

• प्राप्य (prāpya) - having reached (having reached, having obtained)

• सालवनम् (sālavanam) - sāla forest

• तदा (tadā) - then (then, at that time)

• भरतः (bharataḥ) - Bharata (Bharata (proper name))

• क्षिप्रम् (kṣipram) - quickly (quickly, swiftly)

• आगच्छत् (āgacchat) - he arrived (he came, he went)

• सुपरिश्रान्तवाहनः (supariśrāntavāhanaḥ) - with his vehicles extremely weary (with extremely tired vehicles, whose conveyances were very tired)

Words meanings and morphology

कलिङ्ग (kaliṅga) - Kalinga (name of the kingdom) (Kalinga (a kingdom))

(proper noun)

neuter, singular of kaliṅga

kaliṅga - name of a country or its people

नगरे (nagare) - in the city

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of nagara

nagara - city, town

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

अपि (api) - also (also, even, too)

(indeclinable)

Note: Particle.

प्राप्य (prāpya) - having reached (having reached, having obtained)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed from prefix 'pra' + root 'āp' + suffix 'ya' for absolutive.

Prefix: pra

Root: āp (class 5)

सालवनम् (sālavanam) - sāla forest

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sālavana

sālavana - a forest of sāla trees

Compound type : tatpurusha (sāla+vana)

• sāla – sāla tree (Shorea robusta)
  noun (masculine)
• vana – forest, wood, grove
  noun (neuter)

तदा (tadā) - then (then, at that time)

(indeclinable)

Derived from pronominal stem 'tad'.

Note: Temporal adverb.

भरतः (bharataḥ) - Bharata (Bharata (proper name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bharata

bharata - name of a king, a mythical emperor; supporter, bearer

Root: bhṛ (class 1)

क्षिप्रम् (kṣipram) - quickly (quickly, swiftly)

(indeclinable)

Adverbial use of neuter accusative singular of adjective 'kṣipra'.

Root: kṣip (class 6)

Note: Adverb modifying 'āgacchat'.

आगच्छत् (āgacchat) - he arrived (he came, he went)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, Imperfect (laṅ) of āgam

Imperfect tense

3rd person singular, Imperfect tense, active voice, from prefix 'ā' + root 'gam'.

Prefix: ā

Root: gam (class 1)

सुपरिश्रान्तवाहनः (supariśrāntavāhanaḥ) - with his vehicles extremely weary (with extremely tired vehicles, whose conveyances were very tired)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of supariśrāntavāhana

supariśrāntavāhana - whose vehicles are very tired; having very tired vehicles

Bahuvrihi compound.

Compound type : bahuvrihi (su+pariśrānta+vāhana)

• su – good, well, very, excellent
  indeclinable
  Intensifying prefix.
• pariśrānta – very tired, completely exhausted
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From pari-śram (to be tired).
  Prefix: pari
  Root: śram (class 4)
• vāhana – vehicle, conveyance, carrier
  noun (neuter)
  From root vah (to carry).
  Root: vah (class 1)

Note: Compound adjective, qualifying Bharata.

Previous Verse Next Verse