वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-65, verse-11

हस्तिपृष्ठकमासाद्य कुटिकामत्यवर्तत ।
ततार च नरव्याघ्रो लौहित्ये स कपीवतीम् ।
एकसाले स्थाणुमतीं विनते गोमतीं नदीम् ॥११॥

11. hastipṛṣṭhakamāsādya kuṭikāmatyavartata ,
tatāra ca naravyāghro lauhitye sa kapīvatīm ,
ekasāle sthāṇumatīṃ vinate gomatīṃ nadīm.

11. hastipṛṣṭhakam āsādya kuṭikām
atyavartata tatāra ca naravyāghraḥ
lauhitye saḥ kapīvatīm ekasāle
sthāṇumatīm vinate gomatīm nadīm

11. saḥ naravyāghraḥ hastipṛṣṭhakam
āsādya kuṭikām atyavartata ca
lauhitye kapīvatīm ekasāle sthāṇumatīm
vinate gomatīm nadīm tatāra

11. Having mounted an elephant's back, the tiger among men (Bharata) crossed the Kuṭikā river. He then crossed the Kapīvatī in the Lauhitya, the Sthāṇumatī in Ekasāla, and the Gomatī river in Vinatā.

Words meanings summery:

• हस्तिपृष्ठकम् (hastipṛṣṭhakam) - an elephant's back

• आसाद्य (āsādya) - having mounted (having reached, having ascended, having attained)

• कुटिकाम् (kuṭikām) - Kuṭikā river (Kuṭikā (name of a river or place))

• अत्यवर्तत (atyavartata) - he crossed (he crossed, he passed over)

• ततार (tatāra) - he crossed (he crossed, he traversed)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• नरव्याघ्रः (naravyāghraḥ) - tiger among men (an epithet for Bharata) (tiger among men, best of men, excellent man)

• लौहित्ये (lauhitye) - in the Lauhitya river (the Brahmaputra) (in the Lauhitya (river))

• सः (saḥ) - he (referring to Bharata) (he, that)

• कपीवतीम् (kapīvatīm) - Kapīvatī river (Kapīvatī (name of a river))

• एकसाले (ekasāle) - in Ekasāla (in Ekasāla (a place name))

• स्थाणुमतीम् (sthāṇumatīm) - Sthāṇumatī river (Sthāṇumatī (name of a river))

• विनते (vinate) - in Vinatā (in Vinatā (a place or river name))

• गोमतीम् (gomatīm) - Gomatī river (Gomatī (name of a river))

• नदीम् (nadīm) - river (referring to Gomatī) (river)

Words meanings and morphology

हस्तिपृष्ठकम् (hastipṛṣṭhakam) - an elephant's back

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of hastipṛṣṭhaka

hastipṛṣṭhaka - elephant's back

Compound type : tatpurusha (hastin+pṛṣṭha)

• hastin – elephant
  noun (masculine)
• pṛṣṭha – back, surface
  noun (neuter)

आसाद्य (āsādya) - having mounted (having reached, having ascended, having attained)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed from prefix 'ā' + root 'sad' + suffix 'ya' for absolutive.

Prefix: ā

Root: sad (class 1)

कुटिकाम् (kuṭikām) - Kuṭikā river (Kuṭikā (name of a river or place))

(proper noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of kuṭikā

kuṭikā - a small house, a hut; name of a river or place

अत्यवर्तत (atyavartata) - he crossed (he crossed, he passed over)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, Aorist (luṅ) of ativṛt

Aorist

3rd person singular, Aorist (or Imperfect), middle voice, from ati-vṛt.

Prefix: ati

Root: vṛt (class 1)

ततार (tatāra) - he crossed (he crossed, he traversed)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, Perfect (liṭ) of tṝ

Perfect tense

3rd person singular, Perfect tense, active voice, from root 'tṝ'.

Root: tṝ (class 1)

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

नरव्याघ्रः (naravyāghraḥ) - tiger among men (an epithet for Bharata) (tiger among men, best of men, excellent man)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of naravyāghra

naravyāghra - tiger among men, best of men, a mighty man

Compound type : tatpurusha (nara+vyāghra)

• nara – man, human being
  noun (masculine)
• vyāghra – tiger
  noun (masculine)

लौहित्ये (lauhitye) - in the Lauhitya river (the Brahmaputra) (in the Lauhitya (river))

(proper noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of lauhitya

lauhitya - the Brahmaputra river; redness

सः (saḥ) - he (referring to Bharata) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

कपीवतीम् (kapīvatīm) - Kapīvatī river (Kapīvatī (name of a river))

(proper noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of kapīvatī

kapīvatī - name of a river

Feminine noun ending in -ī.

एकसाले (ekasāle) - in Ekasāla (in Ekasāla (a place name))

(proper noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of ekasāla

ekasāla - a place name, 'one Sāla tree'

Compound type : tatpurusha (eka+sāla)

• eka – one, single
  numeral
• sāla – sāla tree
  noun (masculine)

स्थाणुमतीम् (sthāṇumatīm) - Sthāṇumatī river (Sthāṇumatī (name of a river))

(proper noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of sthāṇumatī

sthāṇumatī - name of a river; possessing a post or pillar, firm

Feminine noun, derived from 'sthāṇumat' (possessing posts/pillars).

विनते (vinate) - in Vinatā (in Vinatā (a place or river name))

(proper noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of vinatā

vinatā - bent, humble; name of a divine mother; name of a place or river

गोमतीम् (gomatīm) - Gomatī river (Gomatī (name of a river))

(proper noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of gomatī

gomatī - name of a river; rich in cattle

Feminine noun, derived from 'gomat' (possessing cows).

नदीम् (nadīm) - river (referring to Gomatī) (river)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of nadī

nadī - river, stream

Note: Appositive to 'gomatīm'.

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