वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-65, verse-15

एषा नातिप्रतीता मे पुण्योद्याना यशस्विनी ।
अयोध्या दृश्यते दूरात् सारथे पाण्डुमृत्तिका ॥१५॥

15. eṣā nātipratītā me puṇyodyānā yaśasvinī ,
ayodhyā dṛśyate dūrāt sārathe pāṇḍumṛttikā.

15. eṣā nātipratītā me puṇyodyānā yaśasvinī
ayodhyā dṛśyate dūrāt sārathe pāṇḍumṛttikā

15. sārathe eṣā yaśasvinī puṇyodyānā pāṇḍumṛttikā
ayodhyā me dūrāt nātipratītā dṛśyate

15. O charioteer, this Ayodhya—renowned, with sacred gardens, and characterized by its pale earth—is visible to me from afar, though not yet very clearly discernible.

Words meanings summery:

• एषा (eṣā) - this (feminine)

• नातिप्रतीता (nātipratītā) - not very well known, not clearly discernible

• मे (me) - by me (to me, my)

• पुण्योद्याना (puṇyodyānā) - having sacred gardens

• यशस्विनी (yaśasvinī) - famous, glorious, renowned

• अयोध्या (ayodhyā) - Ayodhya (proper noun)

• दृश्यते (dṛśyate) - is seen, is visible

• दूरात् (dūrāt) - from a distance, from afar

• सारथे (sārathe) - O charioteer

• पाण्डुमृत्तिका (pāṇḍumṛttikā) - having pale earth, with pale soil

Words meanings and morphology

एषा (eṣā) - this (feminine)

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of etad

etad - this, that

नातिप्रतीता (nātipratītā) - not very well known, not clearly discernible

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of nātipratīta

nātipratīta - not very well known, not clearly discernible, inconspicuous

Compound of na (not) + ati (very) + pratīta (known/discerned). Pratīta is a past passive participle of pra-i ('to go forth, understand').

Compound type : tatpurusha (na+ati+pratīta)

• na – not, no
  indeclinable
• ati – very, excessively, beyond
  indeclinable
  prefix/preposition
• pratīta – known, understood, celebrated, discerned
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from verb root *i* (to go) with prefix *prati*
  Prefix: prati
  Root: i (class 2)

Note: compound adjective qualifying Ayodhya

मे (me) - by me (to me, my)

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of aham

aham - I, me

Note: functionally dative, 'to me', for the experiencer of seeing

पुण्योद्याना (puṇyodyānā) - having sacred gardens

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of puṇyodyāna

puṇyodyāna - sacred garden, a garden of merit

Compound of puṇya (meritorious, sacred) and udyāna (garden).

Compound type : bahuvrihi (puṇya+udyāna)

• puṇya – meritorious, sacred, auspicious
  adjective (masculine)
• udyāna – garden, park
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from root *yam* (to restrain, support) with prefix *ud*
  Prefix: ud
  Root: yam (class 1)

Note: Bahuvrihi compound adjective qualifying Ayodhya

यशस्विनी (yaśasvinī) - famous, glorious, renowned

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of yaśasvin

yaśasvin - famous, glorious, renowned, celebrated

possessive suffix -vin added to yaśas (fame)

Note: qualifying Ayodhya

अयोध्या (ayodhyā) - Ayodhya (proper noun)

(proper noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of ayodhyā

ayodhyā - Ayodhya (the city), unconquerable, unconquerable city

derived from a (not) + yodhya (to be fought/conquered), meaning 'the unconquerable'

Note: subject of the sentence

दृश्यते (dṛśyate) - is seen, is visible

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of dṛś

Present Passive, Ātmanepada, 3rd person singular

Root dṛś, ātmanepada, passive voice, present tense

Root: dṛś (class 1)

दूरात् (dūrāt) - from a distance, from afar

(indeclinable)

ablative suffix -āt

Note: used adverbially

सारथे (sārathe) - O charioteer

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of sārathi

sārathi - charioteer, driver, guide

पाण्डुमृत्तिका (pāṇḍumṛttikā) - having pale earth, with pale soil

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of pāṇḍumṛttika

pāṇḍumṛttika - having pale earth

Bahuvrihi compound of pāṇḍu (pale, yellowish-white) and mṛttikā (earth, soil).

Compound type : bahuvrihi (pāṇḍu+mṛttikā)

• pāṇḍu – pale, white, yellowish-white
  adjective (masculine)
• mṛttikā – earth, soil, clay
  noun (feminine)

Note: Bahuvrihi compound adjective qualifying Ayodhya

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