वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-65, verse-14

तां पुरीं पुरुषव्याघ्रः सप्तरात्रोषिटः पथि ।
अयोध्यामग्रतो दृष्ट्वा रथे सारथिमब्रवीत् ॥१४॥

14. tāṃ purīṃ puruṣavyāghraḥ saptarātroṣiṭaḥ pathi ,
ayodhyāmagrato dṛṣṭvā rathe sārathimabravīt.

14. tām purīm puruṣavyāghraḥ saptarātroṣitaḥ pathi
ayodhyām agrataḥ dṛṣṭvā rathe sārathim abravīt

14. pathi saptarātroṣitaḥ puruṣavyāghraḥ agrataḥ
tām purīm ayodhyām dṛṣṭvā rathe sārathim abravīt

14. Having been on the road for seven nights, the tiger among men (Bharata), upon seeing that city, Ayodhyā, ahead, spoke to his charioteer in the chariot.

Words meanings summery:

• ताम् (tām) - that (city) (that)

• पुरीम् (purīm) - city (city, town)

• पुरुषव्याघ्रः (puruṣavyāghraḥ) - tiger among men (an epithet for Bharata) (tiger among men, best of men, excellent man)

• सप्तरात्रोषितः (saptarātroṣitaḥ) - having resided for seven nights (having stayed for seven nights, having resided for seven nights)

• पथि (pathi) - on the road (on the road, on the way)

• अयोध्याम् (ayodhyām) - Ayodhyā (Ayodhyā (city name))

• अग्रतः (agrataḥ) - ahead (in front, ahead, before)

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - upon seeing (having seen, having perceived)

• रथे (rathe) - in the chariot

• सारथिम् (sārathim) - charioteer

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - he spoke (he spoke, he said)

Words meanings and morphology

ताम् (tām) - that (city) (that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

पुरीम् (purīm) - city (city, town)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of purī

purī - city, town, fortress

Feminine noun.

Root: pṛ (class 3)

पुरुषव्याघ्रः (puruṣavyāghraḥ) - tiger among men (an epithet for Bharata) (tiger among men, best of men, excellent man)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of puruṣavyāghra

puruṣavyāghra - tiger among men, best of men, a mighty man

Compound type : tatpurusha (puruṣa+vyāghra)

• puruṣa – man, person, male
  noun (masculine)
• vyāghra – tiger
  noun (masculine)

सप्तरात्रोषितः (saptarātroṣitaḥ) - having resided for seven nights (having stayed for seven nights, having resided for seven nights)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saptarātroṣita

saptarātroṣita - one who has spent seven nights

Bahuvrihi compound: 'sapta' (seven) + 'rātra' (night) + 'uṣita' (stayed).

Compound type : bahuvrihi (saptan+rātra+uṣita)

• saptan – seven
  numeral
• rātra – night
  noun (masculine)
• uṣita – dwelt, stayed, resided
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root vas (to dwell).
  Root: vas (class 1)

पथि (pathi) - on the road (on the road, on the way)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of pathin

pathin - path, road, way

in-stem noun.

अयोध्याम् (ayodhyām) - Ayodhyā (Ayodhyā (city name))

(proper noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of ayodhyā

ayodhyā - the city of Ayodhyā; unconquerable, invincible

Feminine noun.

Compound type : nañ-tatpurusha (a+yodhyā)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix.
• yodhyā – to be fought, fightable
  adjective (feminine)
  Gerundive
  From root yudh.
  Root: yudh (class 4)

Note: Appositive to 'purīm'.

अग्रतः (agrataḥ) - ahead (in front, ahead, before)

(indeclinable)

Formed from 'agra' (front) + 'tas' suffix.

Note: Adverb of place.

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - upon seeing (having seen, having perceived)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed from root 'dṛś' + suffix 'tvā' for absolutive.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

रथे (rathe) - in the chariot

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of ratha

ratha - chariot, car

Root: ram (class 1)

सारथिम् (sārathim) - charioteer

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sārathi

sārathi - charioteer, driver

Masculine noun.

Root: sṛ (class 1)

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - he spoke (he spoke, he said)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, Imperfect (laṅ) of brū

Imperfect tense

3rd person singular, Imperfect tense, active voice, from root 'brū'.

Root: brū (class 2)

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