वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-5, verse-22

तमागतमभिप्रेक्ष्य हित्वा राजासनं नृपः ।
पप्रच्छ स च तस्मै तत् कृतमित्यभ्यवेदयत् ॥२२॥

22. tamāgatamabhiprekṣya hitvā rājāsanaṃ nṛpaḥ ,
papraccha sa ca tasmai tat kṛtamityabhyavedayat.

22. tam āgatam abhiprekṣya hitvā rājāsanam nṛpaḥ
papraccha saḥ ca tasmai tat kṛtam iti abhyavedayat

22. nṛpaḥ tam āgatam abhiprekṣya rājāsanam hitvā
papraccha ca saḥ tat kṛtam iti tasmai abhyavedayat

22. Having perceived his arrival, and leaving the royal throne, the king asked. And he (the priest) reported to him that it was done.

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - him (the priest) (him)

• आगतम् (āgatam) - (one who has) arrived (arrived, come)

• अभिप्रेक्ष्य (abhiprekṣya) - having perceived (his arrival) (having seen, having perceived, having looked at)

• हित्वा (hitvā) - having left, having abandoned, having given up

• राजासनम् (rājāsanam) - royal seat, throne

• नृपः (nṛpaḥ) - king, ruler

• पप्रच्छ (papraccha) - asked, enquired

• सः (saḥ) - he (the priest) (he)

• च (ca) - and

• तस्मै (tasmai) - to him (the king) (to him)

• तत् (tat) - that (the task) (that, it)

• कृतम् (kṛtam) - (has been) done (done, performed)

• इति (iti) - thus, so, indicating direct speech or thought

• अभ्यवेदयत् (abhyavedayat) - reported, informed

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - him (the priest) (him)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Object of abhiprekṣya, refers to the purohita.

आगतम् (āgatam) - (one who has) arrived (arrived, come)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of āgata

āgata - arrived, come, returned

Past Passive Participle

From ā-gam (to come).

Prefix: ā

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Qualifies tam.

अभिप्रेक्ष्य (abhiprekṣya) - having perceived (his arrival) (having seen, having perceived, having looked at)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From abhi-pra-īkṣ (to look at, perceive).

Prefixes: abhi+pra

Root: īkṣ (class 1)

Note: Indicates an action completed before the main verb.

हित्वा (hitvā) - having left, having abandoned, having given up

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From root hā (to leave, abandon).

Root: hā (class 3)

Note: Indicates an action completed before the main verb.

राजासनम् (rājāsanam) - royal seat, throne

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of rājāsana

rājāsana - royal seat, throne

Compound of rāja (king) and āsana (seat).

Compound type : tatpurusha (rājan+āsana)

• rājan – king
  noun (masculine)
• āsana – seat, sitting
  noun (neuter)
  From root ās (to sit).
  Root: ās (class 2)

Note: Object of hitvā.

नृपः (nṛpaḥ) - king, ruler

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nṛpa

nṛpa - king, ruler

Compound of nṛ (man) and pā (to protect).

Compound type : tatpurusha (nṛ+pā)

• nṛ – man
  noun (masculine)
• pā – protector
  noun (masculine)
  From root pā (to protect).
  Root: pā (class 2)

Note: Subject of papraccha.

पप्रच्छ (papraccha) - asked, enquired

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of prach

Root: prach (class 6)

Note: Main verb.

सः (saḥ) - he (the priest) (he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the purohita.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects the two main clauses.

तस्मै (tasmai) - to him (the king) (to him)

(pronoun)

Dative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Recipient of the report.

तत् (tat) - that (the task) (that, it)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Subject of kṛtam. "That" referring to the task assigned earlier.

कृतम् (kṛtam) - (has been) done (done, performed)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kṛta

kṛta - done, made, performed

Past Passive Participle

From root kṛ (to do, make).

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Predicate adjective with implied 'to be' verb.

इति (iti) - thus, so, indicating direct speech or thought

(indeclinable)

Note: Marks the end of reported speech/thought.

अभ्यवेदयत् (abhyavedayat) - reported, informed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of abhivid

Causative of abhi-vi-vid (to know).

Prefixes: abhi+vi

Root: vid (class 2)

Note: Main verb.