वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-5, verse-10

इत्युक्त्वा स तदा राममुपवासं यतव्रतम् ।
मन्त्रवत् कारयामास वैदेह्या सहितं मुनिः ॥१०॥

10. ityuktvā sa tadā rāmamupavāsaṃ yatavratam ,
mantravat kārayāmāsa vaidehyā sahitaṃ muniḥ.

10. iti uktvā saḥ tadā rāmam upavāsam yatavratam
mantravat kārayāmāsa vaidehyā sahitam muniḥ

10. iti uktvā tadā saḥ muniḥ mantravat vaidehyā
sahitam yatavratam rāmam upavāsam kārayāmāsa

10. Having said this, the sage then, with sacred recitations, made Rama—who was firm in his vow—observe a fast along with Vaidehī (Sītā).

Words meanings summery:

• इति (iti) - thus, having said this (thus, in this manner, marking quotation)

• उक्त्वा (uktvā) - having said (having said, having spoken)

• सः (saḥ) - that (muni) (he, that)

• तदा (tadā) - then (then, at that time)

• रामम् (rāmam) - Rama

• उपवासम् (upavāsam) - fast (fast, abstention from food)

• यतव्रतम् (yatavratam) - who was firm in his vow (one who has controlled his vows, firm in vows)

• मन्त्रवत् (mantravat) - with sacred recitations (with mantras, with sacred formulas, ritually)

• कारयामास (kārayāmāsa) - he made (Rama) observe (a fast) (he caused to do, he made perform)

• वैदेह्या (vaidehyā) - with Vaidehī (Sita) (by Vaidehī, with Vaidehī)

• सहिताम् (sahitām) - accompanied by (Vaidehī) (accompanied by, together with)

• मुनिः (muniḥ) - the sage (Vasiṣṭha, though not named here) (sage, ascetic, silent one)

Words meanings and morphology

इति (iti) - thus, having said this (thus, in this manner, marking quotation)

(indeclinable)

उक्त्वा (uktvā) - having said (having said, having spoken)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from √vac (वच्).

Root: vac (class 2)

सः (saḥ) - that (muni) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to 'muniḥ'.

तदा (tadā) - then (then, at that time)

(indeclinable)

रामम् (rāmam) - Rama

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - pleasing, charming, black, a name of Viṣṇu, a name of Balarāma, a name of Paraśurāma, a name of Rāmacandra

Note: Object of 'kārayāmāsa'.

उपवासम् (upavāsam) - fast (fast, abstention from food)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of upavāsa

upavāsa - fast, abstention from food, dwelling near

Derived from upa-vas (उपा-वस्)

Prefix: upa

Root: vas (class 1)

Note: Second object of 'kārayāmāsa' (causative verb taking two objects).

यतव्रतम् (yatavratam) - who was firm in his vow (one who has controlled his vows, firm in vows)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of yatavrata

yatavrata - one who has controlled his vows, firm in vows, disciplined in observance

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (yata+vrata)

• yata – controlled, restrained, self-governed
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from √yam (यम्).
  Root: yam (class 1)
• vrata – vow, sacred observance, religious practice
  noun (neuter)

Note: Describes 'rāmam'.

मन्त्रवत् (mantravat) - with sacred recitations (with mantras, with sacred formulas, ritually)

(indeclinable)

Adverbial use of 'mantravat' (from mantra + -vat suffix).

कारयामास (kārayāmāsa) - he made (Rama) observe (a fast) (he caused to do, he made perform)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of √kṛ (causative)

Causative, perfect tense (liṭ), third person singular, active voice.

Intensive/perfect form of causative of √kṛ.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Subject is 'muniḥ'.

वैदेह्या (vaidehyā) - with Vaidehī (Sita) (by Vaidehī, with Vaidehī)

(proper noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of vaidehī

vaidehī - princess of Videha, Sita (daughter of Janaka)

Feminine derivative from 'videha' (name of a kingdom).

Note: Governed by 'sahitām'.

सहिताम् (sahitām) - accompanied by (Vaidehī) (accompanied by, together with)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sahita

sahita - accompanied by, together with, endowed with

Past Passive Participle

Derived from sa-dhā (स-धा) or sa-hi (स-हि).

Prefix: sa

Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Describes 'rāmam'.

मुनिः (muniḥ) - the sage (Vasiṣṭha, though not named here) (sage, ascetic, silent one)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of muni

muni - sage, ascetic, inspired person, silent one

Note: Subject of 'kārayāmāsa'.

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