वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-101, verse-20

क्षात्रं धर्ममहं त्यक्ष्ये ह्यधर्मं धर्मसंहितम् ।
क्षुद्रौर्नृशंसैर्लुब्धैश्च सेवितं पापकर्मभिः ॥२०॥

20. kṣātraṃ dharmamahaṃ tyakṣye hyadharmaṃ dharmasaṃhitam ,
kṣudraurnṛśaṃsairlubdhaiśca sevitaṃ pāpakarmabhiḥ.

20. kṣātram dharmam aham tyakṣye hi adharmam dharmasaṃhitam
kṣudraiḥ nṛśaṃsaiḥ lubdhaiḥ ca sevitam pāpakarmabhiḥ

20. aham kṣātram dharmam tyakṣye hi dharmasaṃhitam adharmam
kṣudraiḥ nṛśaṃsaiḥ lubdhaiḥ ca pāpakarmabhiḥ sevitam

20. I will renounce this warrior's code (kṣātra dharma) which, though seemingly aligned with duty, is actually unrighteous (adharma). It is followed by contemptible, cruel, and greedy individuals who engage in sinful actions.

Words meanings summery:

• क्षात्रम् (kṣātram) - warrior's (pertaining to a kṣatriya, warrior's, martial)

• धर्मम् (dharmam) - warrior's code (dharma) (duty, code, righteousness)

• अहम् (aham) - I

• त्यक्ष्ये (tyakṣye) - I will abandon, I will renounce

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for, because

• अधर्मम् (adharmam) - unrighteousness, non-dharma, sin

• धर्मसंहितम् (dharmasaṁhitam) - seemingly aligned with duty (connected with dharma, containing dharma, appearing as dharma)

• क्षुद्रैः (kṣudraiḥ) - by petty ones, by mean ones, by contemptible ones

• नृशंसैः (nṛśaṁsaiḥ) - by cruel ones, by inhuman ones

• लुब्धैः (lubdhaiḥ) - by greedy ones, by covetous ones

• च (ca) - and, also

• सेवितम् (sevitam) - followed (followed, resorted to, practiced, served)

• पापकर्मभिः (pāpakarmabhiḥ) - by those with sinful actions, by those who commit sin

Words meanings and morphology

क्षात्रम् (kṣātram) - warrior's (pertaining to a kṣatriya, warrior's, martial)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kṣātra

kṣātra - pertaining to a kṣatriya, warrior-like, martial, relating to sovereignty

Derived from 'kṣatra' (rule, dominion, warrior class).

Note: Adjective modifying 'dharmam'.

धर्मम् (dharmam) - warrior's code (dharma) (duty, code, righteousness)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - intrinsic nature, natural law, constitution, duty, righteousness, virtue, religion

From root 'dhṛ' (to uphold, support).

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we (first person pronoun)

त्यक्ष्ये (tyakṣye) - I will abandon, I will renounce

(verb)

1st person , singular, middle, future indicative (lṛṭ) of tyaj

Future middle indicative

Future tense (lṛṭ) middle voice form of root 'tyaj'.

Root: tyaj (class 1)

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for, because

(indeclinable)

अधर्मम् (adharmam) - unrighteousness, non-dharma, sin

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of adharma

adharma - unrighteousness, non-dharma, impiety, sin

Compound of 'a-' (negation) and 'dharma'.

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+dharma)

• a – not, non, un-
  prefix
• dharma – intrinsic nature, natural law, constitution, duty, righteousness, virtue, religion
  noun (masculine)
  From root 'dhṛ' (to uphold, support).
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)

धर्मसंहितम् (dharmasaṁhitam) - seemingly aligned with duty (connected with dharma, containing dharma, appearing as dharma)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of dharmasaṃhita

dharmasaṁhita - connected with dharma, full of dharma, righteous, appearing as dharma

Compound: 'dharma' (duty) + 'saṃhita' (connected, combined).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dharma+saṃhita)

• dharma – intrinsic nature, natural law, constitution, duty, righteousness, virtue, religion
  noun (masculine)
  From root 'dhṛ' (to uphold, support).
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• saṃhita – joined, connected, combined, placed, contained
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From root 'dhā' (to place, put) with upasarga 'sam'.
  Prefix: sam
  Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Adjective modifying 'adharmam'.

क्षुद्रैः (kṣudraiḥ) - by petty ones, by mean ones, by contemptible ones

(adjective)

Instrumental, plural of kṣudra

kṣudra - small, minute, mean, petty, contemptible, vile

Note: Adjective used as a noun, referring to 'people'.

नृशंसैः (nṛśaṁsaiḥ) - by cruel ones, by inhuman ones

(adjective)

Instrumental, plural of nṛśaṃsa

nṛśaṁsa - cruel, merciless, inhuman, wicked

From 'nṛ' (man) and 'śaṃs' (to praise, but implies ill-praising or condemning).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (nṛ+śaṃsa)

• nṛ – man, human being
  noun (masculine)
• śaṃsa – praise, eulogy
  noun (masculine)
  From root 'śaṃs' (to praise, recite).
  Root: śaṃs (class 1)

Note: Adjective used as a noun, referring to 'people'.

लुब्धैः (lubdhaiḥ) - by greedy ones, by covetous ones

(adjective)

Instrumental, plural of lubdha

lubdha - greedy, covetous, eager, perplexed

Past Passive Participle

From root 'lubh' (to desire, to be confused).

Root: lubh (class 4)

Note: Adjective used as a noun, referring to 'people'.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects the adjectives describing those who follow the code.

सेवितम् (sevitam) - followed (followed, resorted to, practiced, served)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sevita

sevita - served, resorted to, followed, practiced, inhabited

Past Passive Participle

From root 'sev' (to serve, follow, resort to).

Root: sev (class 1)

Note: Adjective modifying 'adharmam'.

पापकर्मभिः (pāpakarmabhiḥ) - by those with sinful actions, by those who commit sin

(adjective)

Instrumental, plural of pāpakarma

pāpakarma - one whose actions are sinful, one who commits sin

Compound: 'pāpa' (sinful) + 'karman' (action).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (pāpa+karman)

• pāpa – sin, evil, wicked, sinful
  noun (neuter)
• karman – action, deed, work, ritual
  noun (neuter)
  From root 'kṛ' (to do, make).
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Adjective used as a noun, referring to 'people'.