वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-101, verse-24

कथं ह्यहं प्रतिज्ञाय वनवासमिमं गुरोः ।
भरतस्य करिष्यामि वचो हित्वा गुरोर्वचः ॥२४॥

24. kathaṃ hyahaṃ pratijñāya vanavāsamimaṃ guroḥ ,
bharatasya kariṣyāmi vaco hitvā gurorvacaḥ.

24. katham hi aham pratijñāya vanavāsam imam guroḥ
bharatasya kariṣyāmi vacaḥ hitvā guroḥ vacaḥ

24. hi aham guroḥ imam vanavāsam pratijñāya,
guroḥ vacaḥ hitvā,
bharatasya vacaḥ katham kariṣyāmi

24. Indeed, how can I, having vowed this period of forest dwelling (vanavāsa) to my preceptor (guru), follow Bharata's words, forsaking my preceptor's (guru's) command?

Words meanings summery:

• कथम् (katham) - how? in what manner?

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for

• अहम् (aham) - I

• प्रतिज्ञाय (pratijñāya) - having promised, having vowed

• वनवासम् (vanavāsam) - forest dwelling, exile in the forest

• इमम् (imam) - this

• गुरोः (guroḥ) - of the preceptor, from the preceptor

• भरतस्य (bharatasya) - of Bharata

• करिष्यामि (kariṣyāmi) - I will do, I will perform

• वचः (vacaḥ) - word, speech, command

• हित्वा (hitvā) - having abandoned, having forsaken

• गुरोः (guroḥ) - of the preceptor, from the preceptor

• वचः (vacaḥ) - word, speech, command

Words meanings and morphology

कथम् (katham) - how? in what manner?

(indeclinable)

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for

(indeclinable)

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of mad

mad - I

प्रतिज्ञाय (pratijñāya) - having promised, having vowed

(indeclinable)

Gerund (absolutive)

Prefix: prati

Root: jñā (class 9)

वनवासम् (vanavāsam) - forest dwelling, exile in the forest

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vanavāsa

vanavāsa - forest dwelling, living in the forest, exile in the forest

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vana+vāsa)

• vana – forest, wood, grove
  noun (neuter)
• vāsa – dwelling, residence, abode
  noun (masculine)
  Root: vas (class 1)

इमम् (imam) - this

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, this here

गुरोः (guroḥ) - of the preceptor, from the preceptor

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of guru

guru - preceptor, teacher, weighty, heavy, important

भरतस्य (bharatasya) - of Bharata

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of bharata

bharata - name of a legendary king, son of Daśaratha and Kaikeyī

करिष्यामि (kariṣyāmi) - I will do, I will perform

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, future (lṛṭ) of kṛ

Root: kṛ (class 8)

वचः (vacaḥ) - word, speech, command

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vacas

vacas - word, speech, statement, command

हित्वा (hitvā) - having abandoned, having forsaken

(indeclinable)

Gerund (absolutive)

Root: hā (class 3)

गुरोः (guroḥ) - of the preceptor, from the preceptor

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of guru

guru - preceptor, teacher, weighty, heavy, important

वचः (vacaḥ) - word, speech, command

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vacas

vacas - word, speech, statement, command