वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-101, verse-19

प्रत्यगात्ममिमं धर्मं सत्यं पश्याम्यहं स्वयम् ।
भारः सत्पुरुषाचीर्णस्तदर्थमभिनन्द्यते ॥१९॥

19. pratyagātmamimaṃ dharmaṃ satyaṃ paśyāmyahaṃ svayam ,
bhāraḥ satpuruṣācīrṇastadarthamabhinandyate.

19. pratyagātmam imam dharmam satyam paśyāmi aham svayam
bhāraḥ satpuruṣācīrṇaḥ tat artham abhinandyate

19. aham svayam pratyagātmam imam dharmam satyam paśyāmi
satpuruṣācīrṇaḥ bhāraḥ tat artham abhinandyate

19. I myself perceive this intrinsic nature (dharma) as the truth of the inner self (pratyagātman). A responsibility performed by virtuous persons is praised for that very purpose.

Words meanings summery:

• प्रत्यगात्मम् (pratyagātmam) - inner self, individual soul

• इमम् (imam) - this

• धर्मम् (dharmam) - intrinsic nature (intrinsic nature, constitution, law, duty, righteousness)

• सत्यम् (satyam) - truth (truth, reality, true)

• पश्यामि (paśyāmi) - I see, I perceive

• अहम् (aham) - I

• स्वयम् (svayam) - myself, oneself, spontaneously

• भारः (bhāraḥ) - responsibility (burden, load, responsibility, duty)

• सत्पुरुषाचीर्णः (satpuruṣācīrṇaḥ) - performed by virtuous persons, practiced by good people

• तत् (tat) - that

• अर्थम् (artham) - purpose (purpose, sake, meaning, wealth)

• अभिनन्द्यते (abhinandyate) - is praised, is highly regarded, is approved

Words meanings and morphology

प्रत्यगात्मम् (pratyagātmam) - inner self, individual soul

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pratyagātman

pratyagātman - inner self, individual soul, the self that turns inwards

Compound of 'pratyak' (inward-turning) and 'ātman' (self).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pratyak+ātman)

• pratyak – inward, backward, opposite
  adjective
  From 'prati' (towards) and root 'añc' (to bend, go).
  Prefix: prati
  Root: añc (class 1)
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, individual soul
  noun (masculine)

इमम् (imam) - this

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

Note: Accusative singular masculine form of 'idam'.

धर्मम् (dharmam) - intrinsic nature (intrinsic nature, constitution, law, duty, righteousness)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - intrinsic nature, natural law, constitution, duty, righteousness, virtue, religion

From root 'dhṛ' (to uphold, support).

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

सत्यम् (satyam) - truth (truth, reality, true)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of satya

satya - truth, reality, true, real, honest

From 'sat' (being, existence, reality).

Root: as (class 2)

Note: Can also function as an adjective. Here used as a noun meaning 'truth'.

पश्यामि (paśyāmi) - I see, I perceive

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present indicative (laṭ) of dṛś

Present active indicative

Present stem 'paśya' from root 'dṛś'.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we (first person pronoun)

Note: Nominative singular form of the first person pronoun.

स्वयम् (svayam) - myself, oneself, spontaneously

(indeclinable)

भारः (bhāraḥ) - responsibility (burden, load, responsibility, duty)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhāra

bhāra - burden, load, weight, responsibility, duty

From root 'bhṛ' (to bear, carry).

Root: bhṛ (class 1)

सत्पुरुषाचीर्णः (satpuruṣācīrṇaḥ) - performed by virtuous persons, practiced by good people

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of satpuruṣācīrṇa

satpuruṣācīrṇa - performed by virtuous persons, practiced by good people

Compound: 'satpuruṣa' (virtuous person) + 'ācīrṇa' (performed, practiced).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (satpuruṣa+ācīrṇa)

• satpuruṣa – virtuous person, good man
  noun (masculine)
  Compound: 'sat' (good, virtuous) + 'puruṣa' (person).
• ācīrṇa – performed, practiced, done, observed
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From root 'car' (to move, perform) with upasarga 'ā'.
  Prefix: ā
  Root: car (class 1)

Note: Adjective modifying 'bhāraḥ'.

तत् (tat) - that

(pronoun)

neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, that one, it

Note: Used here in a compound 'tadartham' (for that purpose).

अर्थम् (artham) - purpose (purpose, sake, meaning, wealth)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of artha

artha - purpose, aim, meaning, wealth, object

Note: Used here in a compound 'tadartham' (for that purpose), functioning adverbially.

अभिनन्द्यते (abhinandyate) - is praised, is highly regarded, is approved

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present indicative (laṭ) of abhinand

Present passive indicative

Passive form of root 'nand' (to rejoice, approve) with prefix 'abhi'.

Prefix: abhi

Root: nand (class 1)

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