वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-101, verse-5

अनार्यस्त्वार्यसंकाशः शौचाद्धीनस्तथा शुचिः ।
लक्षण्यवदलक्षण्यो दुःशीलः शीलवानिव ॥५॥

5. anāryastvāryasaṃkāśaḥ śaucāddhīnastathā śuciḥ ,
lakṣaṇyavadalakṣaṇyo duḥśīlaḥ śīlavāniva.

5. anāryaḥ tu āryasaṃkāśaḥ śaucāt hīnaḥ tathā śuciḥ
lakṣaṇyavat alakṣaṇyaḥ duḥśīlaḥ śīlavān iva

5. anāryaḥ tu āryasaṃkāśaḥ hīnaḥ śaucāt tathā śuciḥ
alakṣaṇyaḥ lakṣaṇyavat duḥśīlaḥ śīlavān iva

5. An ignoble person (a-ārya) may appear noble, and one devoid of purity may appear pure. Likewise, one without auspicious marks may appear to have them, and an ill-behaved person may appear to be of good character.

Words meanings summery:

• अनार्यः (anāryaḥ) - ignoble, uncivilized, non-Aryan

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, on the other hand

• आर्यसंकाशः (āryasaṁkāśaḥ) - appearing like a noble person, resembling a noble person

• शौचात् (śaucāt) - from purity, on account of cleanliness

• हीनः (hīnaḥ) - devoid of, lacking, inferior

• तथा (tathā) - thus, so, and, similarly

• शुचिः (śuciḥ) - pure, clean, virtuous

• लक्षण्यवत् (lakṣaṇyavat) - like one possessing auspicious marks, like one with good characteristics

• अलक्षण्यः (alakṣaṇyaḥ) - without auspicious marks, inauspicious, unlucky

• दुःशीलः (duḥśīlaḥ) - ill-behaved, of bad character, wicked

• शीलवान् (śīlavān) - possessing good character, virtuous

• इव (iva) - like, as if, as it were

Words meanings and morphology

अनार्यः (anāryaḥ) - ignoble, uncivilized, non-Aryan

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of anārya

anārya - ignoble, uncivilized, not noble, non-Aryan

an (not) + ārya (noble).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (an+ārya)

• an – not, un-
  indeclinable
  negative prefix (used before vowels)
• ārya – noble, honorable, civilized
  adjective (masculine)

तु (tu) - but, indeed, on the other hand

(indeclinable)

आर्यसंकाशः (āryasaṁkāśaḥ) - appearing like a noble person, resembling a noble person

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of āryasaṃkāśa

āryasaṁkāśa - appearing like a noble person, resembling a noble person

Compound of ārya (noble) and saṃkāśa (resembling, appearing like).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (ārya+saṃkāśa)

• ārya – noble, honorable, civilized
  adjective (masculine)
• saṃkāśa – similar, resembling, appearing like
  adjective (masculine)
  From sam-kāś (to shine together, appear).
  Prefix: sam
  Root: kāś (class 1)

शौचात् (śaucāt) - from purity, on account of cleanliness

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of śauca

śauca - purity, cleanliness, ritual purity

From śuci (pure).

Note: Used with hīna to mean 'devoid of'.

हीनः (hīnaḥ) - devoid of, lacking, inferior

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hīna

hīna - devoid of, lacking, inferior, abandoned, left

Past Passive Participle

From root hā (to abandon, to quit).

Root: hā (class 3)

तथा (tathā) - thus, so, and, similarly

(indeclinable)

शुचिः (śuciḥ) - pure, clean, virtuous

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śuci

śuci - pure, clean, bright, virtuous

Root: śuc (class 1)

लक्षण्यवत् (lakṣaṇyavat) - like one possessing auspicious marks, like one with good characteristics

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of lakṣaṇyavat

lakṣaṇyavat - possessing auspicious marks, having good characteristics, auspicious

Adverbial usage or comparison 'like one possessing auspicious marks'. From lakṣaṇya (having marks) + vat (like).

Note: It functions adverbially, meaning 'like (a person with) auspicious marks', describing alakṣaṇyaḥ appearing as if he had them.

अलक्षण्यः (alakṣaṇyaḥ) - without auspicious marks, inauspicious, unlucky

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of alakṣaṇya

alakṣaṇya - without auspicious marks, inauspicious, unlucky, not having good characteristics

a (not) + lakṣaṇya (auspicious, having marks).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+lakṣaṇya)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
  negative prefix
• lakṣaṇya – having auspicious marks, distinguished, fit for a mark
  adjective (masculine)
  From lakṣaṇa (mark, sign).

दुःशीलः (duḥśīlaḥ) - ill-behaved, of bad character, wicked

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of duḥśīla

duḥśīla - ill-behaved, of bad character, wicked

dus (bad) + śīla (character, conduct).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dus+śīla)

• dus – bad, difficult, ill-
  indeclinable
  prefix
• śīla – character, conduct, habit, good behavior
  noun (neuter)
  From root śīl (to practice, to serve).
  Root: śīl (class 1)

शीलवान् (śīlavān) - possessing good character, virtuous

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śīlavat

śīlavat - possessing good character, virtuous, well-behaved

From śīla (character) + matup suffix.

इव (iva) - like, as if, as it were

(indeclinable)

Particle of comparison.