वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-1, chapter-74, verse-27

तदिदं वैष्णवं राम पितृपैतामहं महत् ।
क्षत्रधर्मं पुरस्कृत्य गृह्णीष्व धनुरुत्तमम् ॥२७॥

27. tadidaṃ vaiṣṇavaṃ rāma pitṛpaitāmahaṃ mahat ,
kṣatradharmaṃ puraskṛtya gṛhṇīṣva dhanuruttamam.

27. tat idam vaiṣṇavam rāma pitṛpaitāmaham mahat
kṣatradharmam puraskṛtya gṛhṇīṣva dhanuḥ uttamam

27. rāma kṣatradharmam puraskṛtya tat idam vaiṣṇavam
pitṛpaitāmaham mahat uttamam dhanuḥ gṛhṇīṣva

27. O Rāma, honoring the natural law (dharma) of a warrior, take up this great, excellent, ancestral, Viṣṇu-related bow.

Words meanings summery:

• तत् (tat) - this (referring to the bow mentioned implicitly) (that, this)

• इदम् (idam) - this (this, this here)

• वैष्णवम् (vaiṣṇavam) - Viṣṇu's (bow) (belonging to Viṣṇu, related to Viṣṇu)

• राम (rāma) - O Rāma

• पितृपैतामहम् (pitṛpaitāmaham) - ancestral (ancestral, inherited from father and grandfather)

• महत् (mahat) - great (great, mighty, large)

• क्षत्रधर्मम् (kṣatradharmam) - the natural law (dharma) of a warrior (the duty of a kṣatriya, warrior's conduct, warrior's intrinsic nature (dharma))

• पुरस्कृत्य (puraskṛtya) - honoring (having put in front, having honored, having observed, having made foremost)

• गृह्णीष्व (gṛhṇīṣva) - take up (take, grasp, accept)

• धनुः (dhanuḥ) - bow

• उत्तमम् (uttamam) - excellent (excellent, supreme, best, highest)

Words meanings and morphology

तत् (tat) - this (referring to the bow mentioned implicitly) (that, this)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, this

Demonstrative pronoun, neuter nominative/accusative singular

Note: Refers to 'dhanuḥ uttamam'.

इदम् (idam) - this (this, this here)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, this here

Demonstrative pronoun, neuter nominative/accusative singular

Note: Refers to 'dhanuḥ uttamam'.

वैष्णवम् (vaiṣṇavam) - Viṣṇu's (bow) (belonging to Viṣṇu, related to Viṣṇu)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vaiṣṇava

vaiṣṇava - relating to Viṣṇu, a worshipper of Viṣṇu

Derived from 'viṣṇu' + -aṇ suffix

Note: Agrees with 'dhanuḥ uttamam'.

राम (rāma) - O Rāma

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rāma (a proper name)

पितृपैतामहम् (pitṛpaitāmaham) - ancestral (ancestral, inherited from father and grandfather)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of pitṛpaitāmaha

pitṛpaitāmaha - inherited from father and grandfather, ancestral

Derived from 'pitṛ' (father) and 'pitāmaha' (grandfather), compound indicates descent

Compound type : dvandva (implicit, then derived) (pitṛ+pitāmaha)

• pitṛ – father, paternal
  noun (masculine)
• pitāmaha – paternal grandfather
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with 'dhanuḥ uttamam'.

महत् (mahat) - great (great, mighty, large)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, mighty

Present Active Participle

From √mah (to be great), present participle form

Root: mah (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'dhanuḥ uttamam'.

क्षत्रधर्मम् (kṣatradharmam) - the natural law (dharma) of a warrior (the duty of a kṣatriya, warrior's conduct, warrior's intrinsic nature (dharma))

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kṣatradharma

kṣatradharma - duty/intrinsic nature (dharma) of the kṣatriya (warrior) caste, warrior's code

Compound of 'kṣatra' (warrior, rule) and 'dharma' (duty, law)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kṣatra+dharma)

• kṣatra – rule, dominion, warrior
  noun (neuter)
  Root: kṣi (class 2)
• dharma – constitution, natural law, intrinsic nature, righteousness, duty, religion
  noun (masculine)
  From √dhṛ (to uphold)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Object of 'puraskṛtya'.

पुरस्कृत्य (puraskṛtya) - honoring (having put in front, having honored, having observed, having made foremost)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive

Formed from puras-√kṛ (to place before, to honor) with -ya suffix

Prefix: puras

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Gerund (absolutive).

गृह्णीष्व (gṛhṇīṣva) - take up (take, grasp, accept)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, imperative (loṭ) of grah

Imperative Middle Voice, 2nd Person Singular

From √grah (to seize), present tense, middle voice, 2nd singular

Root: grah (class 9)

Note: Command to Rāma.

धनुः (dhanuḥ) - bow

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of dhanus

dhanus - bow, arc

Note: Object of 'gṛhṇīṣva'.

उत्तमम् (uttamam) - excellent (excellent, supreme, best, highest)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of uttama

uttama - highest, best, excellent, supreme

Superlative degree of 'ud' (up)

Note: Agrees with 'dhanuḥ'.

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