वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-1, chapter-74, verse-26

दत्त्वा महेन्द्रनिलयस्तपोबलसमन्वितः ।
श्रुतवान्धनुषो भेदं ततो ऽहं द्रुतमागतः ॥२६॥

26. dattvā mahendranilayastapobalasamanvitaḥ ,
śrutavāndhanuṣo bhedaṃ tato'haṃ drutamāgataḥ.

26. dattvā mahendranilayaḥ tapaḥbalasamanvitaḥ
śrutavān dhanuṣaḥ bhedam tataḥ aham drutam āgataḥ

26. aham mahendranilayaḥ tapaḥbalasamanvitaḥ dattvā
dhanuṣaḥ bhedam śrutavān tataḥ drutam āgataḥ

26. Having given (the earth to Kaśyapa), I, who am like Indra in dwelling and endowed with the power of asceticism (tapas), then heard of the bow's breaking, and quickly arrived.

Words meanings summery:

• दत्त्वा (dattvā) - having given (the earth) (having given, having granted, having presented)

• महेन्द्रनिलयः (mahendranilayaḥ) - one who dwells like Mahendra (Indra) (dwelling of Mahendra (Indra); one whose abode is like Indra's or who has made Indra's abode his own)

• तपःबलसमन्वितः (tapaḥbalasamanvitaḥ) - endowed with the power of asceticism (tapas) (endowed with the power of asceticism, possessing the strength of penance)

• श्रुतवान् (śrutavān) - I heard (one who has heard, having heard)

• धनुषः (dhanuṣaḥ) - of the bow

• भेदम् (bhedam) - the breaking (breaking, splitting, piercing, division)

• ततः (tataḥ) - then (as a result of that) (then, from there, therefore, afterwards)

• अहम् (aham) - I

• द्रुतम् (drutam) - quickly (quickly, swiftly, rapidly)

• आगतः (āgataḥ) - arrived (arrived, come, returned)

Words meanings and morphology

दत्त्वा (dattvā) - having given (the earth) (having given, having granted, having presented)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive

Formed from √dā (to give) with -tvā suffix

Root: dā (class 3)

Note: Gerund (absolutive).

महेन्द्रनिलयः (mahendranilayaḥ) - one who dwells like Mahendra (Indra) (dwelling of Mahendra (Indra); one whose abode is like Indra's or who has made Indra's abode his own)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahendranilaya

mahendranilaya - dwelling of Mahendra, Indra's abode

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mahendra+nilaya)

• mahendra – great Indra, a name for Indra
  proper noun (masculine)
• nilaya – abode, dwelling, home
  noun (masculine)
  From ni-√lī (to cling to)
  Prefix: ni
  Root: lī (class 4)

Note: Agrees with the implied subject 'aham'.

तपःबलसमन्वितः (tapaḥbalasamanvitaḥ) - endowed with the power of asceticism (tapas) (endowed with the power of asceticism, possessing the strength of penance)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tapaḥbalasamanvita

tapaḥbalasamanvita - endowed with the power of asceticism

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (tapas+bala+samanvita)

• tapas – asceticism, penance, heat
  noun (neuter)
  From √tap (to heat)
  Root: tap (class 1)
• bala – strength, power, force
  noun (neuter)
• samanvita – endowed with, possessed of, accompanied by
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From sam-anv-√i (to go with)
  Prefixes: sam+anu
  Root: i (class 2)

Note: Agrees with the implied subject 'aham'.

श्रुतवान् (śrutavān) - I heard (one who has heard, having heard)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śrutavat

śrutavat - having heard, heard

Past Active Participle

Formed from √śru (to hear) with -vat suffix

Root: śru (class 5)

Note: Functions as a finite verb 'I heard' with 'aham'.

धनुषः (dhanuṣaḥ) - of the bow

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of dhanus

dhanus - bow, arc

भेदम् (bhedam) - the breaking (breaking, splitting, piercing, division)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bheda

bheda - breaking, splitting, piercing, distinction

From √bhid (to break)

Root: bhid (class 7)

Note: Object of 'śrutavān'.

ततः (tataḥ) - then (as a result of that) (then, from there, therefore, afterwards)

(indeclinable)

Adverb derived from 'tad' (that)

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

First person pronoun

Note: Subject of the sentence.

द्रुतम् (drutam) - quickly (quickly, swiftly, rapidly)

(indeclinable)

Past Passive Participle (when adjective)

From √dru (to run), here used as adverb

Root: dru (class 1)

Note: Adverb modifying 'āgataḥ'.

आगतः (āgataḥ) - arrived (arrived, come, returned)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of āgata

āgata - arrived, come

Past Passive Participle

From ā-√gam (to come)

Prefix: ā

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Used like a finite verb with 'aham'.

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