वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-1, chapter-74, verse-13

इदं द्वितीयं दुर्धर्षं विष्णोर्दत्तं सुरोत्तमैः ।
समानसारं काकुत्स्थ रौद्रेण धनुषा त्विदम् ॥१३॥

13. idaṃ dvitīyaṃ durdharṣaṃ viṣṇordattaṃ surottamaiḥ ,
samānasāraṃ kākutstha raudreṇa dhanuṣā tvidam.

13. idam dvitīyam durdharṣam viṣṇoḥ dattam surottamaiḥ
samānasāram kākutstha raudreṇa dhanuṣā tu idam

13. kākutstha idam dvitīyam durdharṣam viṣṇoḥ surottamaiḥ
dattam idam tu raudreṇa dhanuṣā samānasāram

13. O Kakutstha (Rama), this second formidable bow, which was given by the best of gods to Vishnu, is indeed of equal power to Rudra's (Śiva's) bow.

Words meanings summery:

• इदम् (idam) - this

• द्वितीयम् (dvitīyam) - second

• दुर्धर्षम् (durdharṣam) - formidable, unconquerable, difficult to subdue

• विष्णोः (viṣṇoḥ) - of Vishnu

• दत्तम् (dattam) - given, offered

• सुरोत्तमैः (surottamaiḥ) - by the best of gods

• समानसारम् (samānasāram) - of equal strength/essence, equally powerful

• काकुत्स्थ (kākutstha) - O Kakutstha (Rama) (O Kakutstha)

• रौद्रेण (raudreṇa) - by Rudra's, belonging to Rudra (Śiva)

• धनुषा (dhanuṣā) - by a bow, with a bow

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, on the other hand

• इदम् (idam) - this

Words meanings and morphology

इदम् (idam) - this

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, here

Note: Refers to the bow.

द्वितीयम् (dvitīyam) - second

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of dvitīya

dvitīya - second, a secondary

Derived from 'dvi' (two).

Note: Modifies 'idam'.

दुर्धर्षम् (durdharṣam) - formidable, unconquerable, difficult to subdue

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of durdharṣa

durdharṣa - formidable, unconquerable, difficult to attack/subdue

From 'dur' (difficult) and root 'dhṛṣ' (to dare, attack) with suffix 'a'.

Compound type : Prādi-samāsa (dur+dharṣa)

• dur – bad, difficult, ill
  indeclinable
• dharṣa – daring, boldness, attack
  noun (masculine/neuter)
  From root dhṛṣ (to dare, attack).
  Root: dhṛṣ (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'idam'.

विष्णोः (viṣṇoḥ) - of Vishnu

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of viṣṇu

viṣṇu - Vishnu (a principal deity in Hinduism)

Root: viṣ (class 3)

Note: Indicates possession or relation.

दत्तम् (dattam) - given, offered

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of datta

datta - given, offered, granted

Past Passive Participle

Formed from root 'dā' (to give) + suffix 'kta' (ta).

Root: dā (class 3)

Note: Modifies 'idam'.

सुरोत्तमैः (surottamaiḥ) - by the best of gods

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of surottama

surottama - best among gods, excellent gods

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (sura+uttama)

• sura – god, deity
  noun (masculine)
  Root: sū (class 1)
• uttama – best, highest, excellent
  adjective
  Superlative of 'ud' (up).

Note: Agent of giving.

समानसारम् (samānasāram) - of equal strength/essence, equally powerful

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of samānasāra

samānasāra - of equal strength, having equal essence, equally powerful

Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (samāna+sāra)

• samāna – equal, similar, same
  adjective
  From 'sa' (with) + 'māna' (measure).
  Prefix: sam
  Root: mā (class 2)
• sāra – strength, essence, core, power
  noun (masculine/neuter)
  From root sṛ (to flow, move).
  Root: sṛ (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'idam'.

काकुत्स्थ (kākutstha) - O Kakutstha (Rama) (O Kakutstha)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of kākutstha

kākutstha - descendant of Kakutstha, an epithet for Rama

Derived from Kakutstha.

Note: Term of address for Rama.

रौद्रेण (raudreṇa) - by Rudra's, belonging to Rudra (Śiva)

(adjective)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of raudra

raudra - relating to Rudra, belonging to Rudra, fierce, dreadful

Derived from 'rudra' (Rudra, Śiva) with suffix 'aṇ'.

Root: rud (class 2)

Note: Agrees with 'dhanuṣā'.

धनुषा (dhanuṣā) - by a bow, with a bow

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of dhanus

dhanus - bow, arc

Root: dhan (class 1)

Note: Indicates the instrument of comparison.

तु (tu) - but, indeed, on the other hand

(indeclinable)

Particle.

Note: Emphatic particle.

इदम् (idam) - this

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, here

Note: Refers to the bow.

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