वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-1, chapter-44, verse-6

तराम सरितां श्रेष्ठां पुण्यां त्रिपथगां नदीम् ।
नौरेषा हि सुखास्तीर्णा ऋषीणां पुण्यकर्मणाम् ।
भगवन्तमिह प्राप्तं ज्ञात्वा त्वरितमागता ॥६॥

6. tarāma saritāṃ śreṣṭhāṃ puṇyāṃ tripathagāṃ nadīm ,
naureṣā hi sukhāstīrṇā ṛṣīṇāṃ puṇyakarmaṇām ,
bhagavantamiha prāptaṃ jñātvā tvaritamāgatā.

6. tarāma saritām śreṣṭhām puṇyām
tripathagām nadīm nauḥ eṣā hi sukhāstīrṇā
ṛṣīṇām puṇyakarmaṇām bhagavantam
iha prāptam jñātvā tvaritam āgatā

6. (vayam) śreṣṭhām puṇyām tripathagām
nadīm saritām tarāma hi eṣā nauḥ
sukhāstīrṇā ṛṣīṇām puṇyakarmaṇām bhagavantam
iha prāptam jñātvā tvaritam āgatā

6. Let us cross the sacred (puṇyām) river (nadī), the best of rivers (saritām), the Ganges (tripathagām), which flows in three paths. This boat (nauḥ) is indeed comfortably furnished; it has arrived quickly, for the sages (ṛṣīṇām) of virtuous deeds (puṇyakarmaṇām), knowing that the venerable one (bhagavantam) has arrived here.

Words meanings summery:

• तराम (tarāma) - let us cross

• सरिताम् (saritām) - of rivers

• श्रेष्ठाम् (śreṣṭhām) - best, excellent, supreme

• पुण्याम् (puṇyām) - sacred, holy, virtuous

• त्रिपथगाम् (tripathagām) - the Ganges (flowing in three paths (epithet of Ganges))

• नदीम् (nadīm) - river

• नौः (nauḥ) - boat, ship

• एषा (eṣā) - this (feminine)

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for

• सुखास्तीर्णा (sukhāstīrṇā) - comfortably spread, well-furnished

• ऋषीणाम् (ṛṣīṇām) - of sages

• पुण्यकर्मणाम् (puṇyakarmaṇām) - of those of virtuous deeds

• भगवन्तम् (bhagavantam) - the venerable Viśvāmitra (venerable one, divine one, lord)

• इह (iha) - here, in this world

• प्राप्तम् (prāptam) - having arrived (arrived, obtained, reached)

• ज्ञात्वा (jñātvā) - having known, having understood

• त्वरितम् (tvaritam) - quickly, speedily

• आगता (āgatā) - come, arrived

Words meanings and morphology

तराम (tarāma) - let us cross

(verb)

1st person , plural, active, present imperative/optative (loṭ) of tṛ

Root: tṛ (class 1)

Note: Implied subject 'vayam' (we).

सरिताम् (saritām) - of rivers

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, plural of sarit

sarit - river, stream

Root: sṛ (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'nadīm' (river), implying 'best of rivers'.

श्रेष्ठाम् (śreṣṭhām) - best, excellent, supreme

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of śreṣṭha

śreṣṭha - best, most excellent, supreme

Root: śrā

Note: Agrees with 'nadīm'.

पुण्याम् (puṇyām) - sacred, holy, virtuous

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of puṇya

puṇya - auspicious, sacred, holy, virtuous, merit

Note: Agrees with 'nadīm'.

त्रिपथगाम् (tripathagām) - the Ganges (flowing in three paths (epithet of Ganges))

(proper noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of tripathagā

tripathagā - flowing in three paths (referring to the Ganges, which flows in heaven, earth, and the netherworld)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (tripatha+gā)

• tripatha – three paths
  noun (masculine)
• gā – going, moving, flowing
  adjective (feminine)
  agent suffix
  Derived from root 'gam' (to go).
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'nadīm'.

नदीम् (nadīm) - river

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of nadī

nadī - river

Note: Object of 'tarāma'.

नौः (nauḥ) - boat, ship

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of nau

nau - boat, ship

Root: nu (class 2)

Note: Subject of 'āgatā' and implied 'asti'.

एषा (eṣā) - this (feminine)

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of etad

etad - this, she, it

Note: Agrees with 'nauḥ'.

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for

(indeclinable)

सुखास्तीर्णा (sukhāstīrṇā) - comfortably spread, well-furnished

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of sukhāstīrṇa

sukhāstīrṇa - comfortably spread, well-arranged, well-furnished

Compound type : tatpurusha (sukha+āstīrṇa)

• sukha – comfort, happiness, ease
  noun (neuter)
• āstīrṇa – spread, strewn, covered
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root 'stṛ' (to spread) with prefix 'ā'.
  Prefix: ā
  Root: stṛ (class 5)

Note: Agrees with 'nauḥ'.

ऋषीणाम् (ṛṣīṇām) - of sages

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of ṛṣi

ṛṣi - sage, seer, ascetic

Root: ṛṣ (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'puṇyakarmaṇām'.

पुण्यकर्मणाम् (puṇyakarmaṇām) - of those of virtuous deeds

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of puṇyakarman

puṇyakarman - of virtuous deeds, meritorious

Compound type : karmadhāraya (puṇya+karman)

• puṇya – virtuous, sacred, meritorious
  adjective (neuter)
• karman – action, deed, ritual, fate
  noun (neuter)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Agrees with 'ṛṣīṇām'.

भगवन्तम् (bhagavantam) - the venerable Viśvāmitra (venerable one, divine one, lord)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhagavat

bhagavat - venerable, glorious, divine, lord, auspicious

Note: Refers to Viśvāmitra, object of the participle 'jñātvā'.

इह (iha) - here, in this world

(indeclinable)

Note: Modifies 'prāptam'.

प्राप्तम् (prāptam) - having arrived (arrived, obtained, reached)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of prāpta

prāpta - obtained, arrived, reached, acquired

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'āp' with prefix 'pra'.

Prefix: pra

Root: āp (class 5)

Note: Agrees with 'bhagavantam'.

ज्ञात्वा (jñātvā) - having known, having understood

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root 'jñā' with suffix '-tvā'.

Root: jñā (class 9)

त्वरितम् (tvaritam) - quickly, speedily

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tvarita

tvarita - quick, hastened, swift

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'tvar' (to hasten).

Root: tvar (class 1)

Note: Functions adverbially, modifying 'āgatā'.

आगता (āgatā) - come, arrived

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of āgata

āgata - come, arrived, returned

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'gam' (to go) with prefix 'ā'.

Prefix: ā

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'nauḥ'.