वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-1, chapter-39, verse-27

श्रुत्वा तद्वचनं तेषां कपिलो रघुनन्दन ।
रोषेण महताविष्टो हुंकारमकरोत्तदा ॥२७॥

27. śrutvā tadvacanaṃ teṣāṃ kapilo raghunandana ,
roṣeṇa mahatāviṣṭo huṃkāramakarottadā.

27. śrutvā tat vacanam teṣām kapilaḥ raghunandana
roşeṇa mahatā āviṣṭaḥ huṃkāram akarot tadā

27. raghunandana teṣām tat vacanam śrutvā mahatā
roṣeṇa āviṣṭaḥ kapilaḥ tadā huṃkāram akarot

27. O scion of Raghu, hearing their words, Kapila, overcome by great anger, then uttered a roar.

Words meanings summery:

• श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

• तत् (tat) - that

• वचनम् (vacanam) - word, speech, statement

• तेषाम् (teṣām) - of them, their

• कपिलः (kapilaḥ) - Kapila (name of a sage)

• रघुनन्दन (raghunandana) - O scion/delight of Raghu (epithet of Rama)

• रोşएण (roşeṇa) - by anger, with wrath

• महता (mahatā) - by great

• आविष्टः (āviṣṭaḥ) - possessed by, overcome by, entered

• हुंकारम् (huṁkāram) - a roar, grunt, sound of anger

• अकरोत् (akarot) - he made, he did

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

Words meanings and morphology

श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

from root śru + suffix -tvā

Root: śru (class 5)

तत् (tat) - that

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, this

Note: Also nominative singular neuter. Here it modifies 'vacanam'.

वचनम् (vacanam) - word, speech, statement

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vacana

vacana - word, speech, statement

Root: vac (class 2)

तेषाम् (teṣām) - of them, their

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, this

Note: Can also be feminine/neuter genitive plural. Context implies masculine (sons of Sagara).

कपिलः (kapilaḥ) - Kapila (name of a sage)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kapila

kapila - Kapila (a sage); tawny, reddish-brown

रघुनन्दन (raghunandana) - O scion/delight of Raghu (epithet of Rama)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of raghunandana

raghunandana - delight of Raghu, scion of Raghu

Compound type : tatpuruşa (raghu+nandana)

• raghu – Raghu (an ancient king, ancestor of Rama)
  proper noun (masculine)
• nandana – son, delight
  noun (masculine)
  from root nand (to rejoice)
  Root: nand (class 1)

रोşएण (roşeṇa) - by anger, with wrath

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of roşa

roşa - anger, wrath

Root: ruṣ (class 4)

महता (mahatā) - by great

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, important

Note: Agrees with 'roṣeṇa'.

आविष्टः (āviṣṭaḥ) - possessed by, overcome by, entered

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of āviṣṭa

āviṣṭa - entered, possessed, overcome

Past Passive Participle

from root viś with prefix ā-

Prefix: ā

Root: viś (class 6)

Note: Agrees with 'kapilaḥ'.

हुंकारम् (huṁkāram) - a roar, grunt, sound of anger

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of huṃkāra

huṁkāra - a roar, grunt, menacing sound

Compound type : tatpuruşa (hum+kāra)

• hum – interjection of anger/menace
  indeclinable
• kāra – making, doing, sound
  noun (masculine)
  from root kṛ
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

अकरोत् (akarot) - he made, he did

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of kṛ

imperfect

Root: kṛ (class 8)

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

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