वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-1, chapter-39, verse-21

उत्तरस्यां रघुश्रेष्ठ ददृशुर्हिमपाण्डुरम् ।
भद्रं भद्रेण वपुषा धारयन्तं महीमिमाम् ॥२१॥

21. uttarasyāṃ raghuśreṣṭha dadṛśurhimapāṇḍuram ,
bhadraṃ bhadreṇa vapuṣā dhārayantaṃ mahīmimām.

21. uttarasyām raghuśreṣṭha dadṛśuḥ himapāṇḍuram
bhadram bhadreṇa vapuṣā dhārayantam mahīm imām

21. raghuśreṣṭha uttarasyām (te) dadṛśuḥ himapāṇḍuram
bhadram bhadreṇa vapuṣā imām mahīm dhārayantam

21. O best among the Raghus, in the northern direction, they saw Bhadra, the snow-white guardian elephant, who by his excellent form was sustaining this earth.

Words meanings summery:

• उत्तरस्याम् (uttarasyām) - in the northern (direction) (in the northern)

• रघुश्रेष्ठ (raghuśreṣṭha) - O best among the Raghus (addressing Rama/Lakshmana) (O best of Raghu's lineage, O best among the Raghus)

• ददृशुः (dadṛśuḥ) - they (Sagara's sons) saw (they saw, they beheld)

• हिमपाण्डुरम् (himapāṇḍuram) - snow-white (describing the elephant) (snow-white, pale white like snow)

• भद्रम् (bhadram) - Bhadra (the name of the guardian elephant) (Bhadra (name of a guardian elephant), auspicious, excellent, good)

• भद्रेण (bhadreṇa) - by his excellent (form) (by the auspicious, by the excellent)

• वपुषा (vapuṣā) - by his (excellent) form (by the body, by the form, by the figure)

• धारयन्तम् (dhārayantam) - sustaining (this earth) (sustaining, holding, bearing)

• महीम् (mahīm) - the earth (the earth, land)

• इमाम् (imām) - this (earth) (this)

Words meanings and morphology

उत्तरस्याम् (uttarasyām) - in the northern (direction) (in the northern)

(adjective)

Locative, feminine, singular of uttarā

uttara - northern, upper, later, higher, superior

feminine of uttara

Prefix: ut

Root: tṛ (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'diśi' (implied).

रघुश्रेष्ठ (raghuśreṣṭha) - O best among the Raghus (addressing Rama/Lakshmana) (O best of Raghu's lineage, O best among the Raghus)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of raghuśreṣṭha

raghuśreṣṭha - best of the Raghus, chief of Raghu's race

Compound type : tatpurusha (raghu+śreṣṭha)

• raghu – Raghu (an ancient king, ancestor of Rama)
  proper noun (masculine)
• śreṣṭha – best, most excellent, chief
  adjective (masculine)

Note: An address to the listener, likely Rama.

ददृशुः (dadṛśuḥ) - they (Sagara's sons) saw (they saw, they beheld)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of dṛś

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Reduplicated perfect form.

हिमपाण्डुरम् (himapāṇḍuram) - snow-white (describing the elephant) (snow-white, pale white like snow)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of himapāṇḍura

himapāṇḍura - snow-white, pale white like snow

Compound type : tatpurusha (hima+pāṇḍura)

• hima – snow, frost, cold
  noun (neuter)
• pāṇḍura – whitish, pale, yellowish-white
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Agrees with 'bhadram'.

भद्रम् (bhadram) - Bhadra (the name of the guardian elephant) (Bhadra (name of a guardian elephant), auspicious, excellent, good)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhadra

bhadra - auspicious, excellent, good, fortunate; a name of one of the guardian elephants

Note: Object of 'dadṛśuḥ'.

भद्रेण (bhadreṇa) - by his excellent (form) (by the auspicious, by the excellent)

(adjective)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of bhadra

bhadra - auspicious, excellent, good, fortunate

Note: Agrees with 'vapuṣā'.

वपुषा (vapuṣā) - by his (excellent) form (by the body, by the form, by the figure)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of vapus

vapus - body, form, figure, beauty

Root: vap (class 1)

Note: Instrument of 'dhārayantam'.

धारयन्तम् (dhārayantam) - sustaining (this earth) (sustaining, holding, bearing)

(participle)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dhārayat

dhārayat - sustaining, holding, bearing

present active participle (causative)

root dhṛ (causative dhārayati) + śatṛ suffix

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'bhadram'.

महीम् (mahīm) - the earth (the earth, land)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of mahī

mahī - earth, ground, land, region

Note: Object of 'dhārayantam'.

इमाम् (imām) - this (earth) (this)

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one, here

Note: Agrees with 'mahīm'.

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