वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-1, chapter-39, verse-18

ततः प्रदक्षिणं कृत्वा सगरस्य महात्मनः ।
षष्टिः पुत्रसहस्राणि पश्चिमां बिभिदुर्दिशम् ॥१८॥

18. tataḥ pradakṣiṇaṃ kṛtvā sagarasya mahātmanaḥ ,
ṣaṣṭiḥ putrasahasrāṇi paścimāṃ bibhidurdiśam.

18. tataḥ pradakṣiṇam kṛtvā sagarasya mahātmanaḥ
ṣaṣṭiḥ putrasahasrāṇi paścimām bibhiduḥ diśam

18. tataḥ mahātmanaḥ sagarasya pradakṣiṇam kṛtvā
ṣaṣṭiḥ putrasahasrāṇi paścimām diśam bibhiduḥ

18. Thereafter, having circumambulated the great-souled Sagara, his sixty thousand sons dug into the western direction.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter (thence, therefrom, then, thereafter)

• प्रदक्षिणम् (pradakṣiṇam) - circumambulation (clockwise, as a mark of respect) (circumambulation (clockwise), auspicious, right-handed)

• कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having done, having performed (having done, having made)

• सगरस्य (sagarasya) - of King Sagara (of Sagara)

• महात्मनः (mahātmanaḥ) - of the great-souled (Sagara) (of the great-souled, of the magnanimous)

• षष्टिः (ṣaṣṭiḥ) - sixty

• पुत्रसहस्राणि (putrasahasrāṇi) - thousands of sons (sixty of them) (thousands of sons)

• पश्चिमाम् (paścimām) - the western (direction) (western)

• बिभिदुः (bibhiduḥ) - they dug (into) (they split, they pierced, they broke open, they dug)

• दिशम् (diśam) - the direction (western) (direction, quarter)

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter (thence, therefrom, then, thereafter)

(indeclinable)

ablative of 'tad' used adverbially

प्रदक्षिणम् (pradakṣiṇam) - circumambulation (clockwise, as a mark of respect) (circumambulation (clockwise), auspicious, right-handed)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of pradakṣiṇa

pradakṣiṇa - clockwise, auspicious, right-handed circumambulation

Prefix: pra

Root: dakṣ (class 1)

Note: Can also be an adverb. Here it acts as an object of 'kṛtvā'.

कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having done, having performed (having done, having made)

(indeclinable)

absolutive

root kṛ + suffix tvā

Root: kṛ (class 8)

सगरस्य (sagarasya) - of King Sagara (of Sagara)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of sagara

sagara - Sagara (a mythical king of the solar dynasty)

महात्मनः (mahātmanaḥ) - of the great-souled (Sagara) (of the great-souled, of the magnanimous)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of mahātman

mahātman - great-souled, noble-minded, exalted (often used for eminent persons or the Supreme Spirit)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (mahā+ātman)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essence (ātman)
  noun (masculine)

Note: Declines like 'ātman'.

षष्टिः (ṣaṣṭiḥ) - sixty

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of ṣaṣṭi

ṣaṣṭi - sixty

Note: Used here as a cardinal number modifying 'putrasahasrāṇi'.

पुत्रसहस्राणि (putrasahasrāṇi) - thousands of sons (sixty of them) (thousands of sons)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, plural of putrasahasra

putrasahasra - a thousand sons

Compound type : tatpurusha (putra+sahasra)

• putra – son, child
  noun (masculine)
• sahasra – a thousand
  noun (neuter)

Note: Refers to the "sixty thousands of sons", i.e., 60,000 sons.

पश्चिमाम् (paścimām) - the western (direction) (western)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of paścima

paścima - western, last, hindmost

from paścā 'behind, after'

Note: Agrees with 'diśam'.

बिभिदुः (bibhiduḥ) - they dug (into) (they split, they pierced, they broke open, they dug)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of bhid

Root: bhid (class 7)

Note: From root `bhid` (to split, break).

दिशम् (diśam) - the direction (western) (direction, quarter)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of diś

diś - direction, quarter, region, point of the compass

Note: Object of 'bibhiduḥ'.