वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-1, chapter-39, verse-26

अस्माकं त्वं हि तुरगं यज्ञियं हृतवानसि ।
दुर्मेधस्त्वं हि संप्राप्तान् विद्धि नः सगरात्मजान् ॥२६॥

26. asmākaṃ tvaṃ hi turagaṃ yajñiyaṃ hṛtavānasi ,
durmedhastvaṃ hi saṃprāptān viddhi naḥ sagarātmajān.

26. asmākam tvam hi turagam yajñiyam hṛtavān asi
durmedhaḥ tvam hi samprāptān viddhi naḥ sagarātmajān

26. tvam hi asmākam yajñiyam turagam hṛtavān asi
durmedhaḥ hi naḥ samprāptān sagarātmajān viddhi

26. Indeed, you have stolen our horse, which was intended for the Vedic ritual (yajña). O foolish one, know that we, the sons of Sagara, have certainly arrived here.

Words meanings summery:

• अस्माकम् (asmākam) - our (referring to the Sagara's sons' horse) (of us, our)

• त्वम् (tvam) - you (referring to the thief of the horse) (you)

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely (emphasizing the statement) (indeed, surely, because)

• तुरगम् (turagam) - the horse (stolen from Sagara's Vedic ritual) (horse)

• यज्ञियम् (yajñiyam) - intended for the Vedic ritual (yajña) (suitable for a Vedic ritual, sacrificial)

• हृतवान् (hṛtavān) - he (you) have stolen (having stolen, he has stolen)

• असि (asi) - you are (as an auxiliary for 'have stolen') (you are)

• दुर्मेधः (durmedhaḥ) - O foolish one (vocative address) (dull-witted, foolish, stupid)

• त्वम् (tvam) - you (subject of 'know') (you)

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely (emphasizing the command) (indeed, surely)

• सम्प्राप्तान् (samprāptān) - who have arrived (here, seeking the horse) (arrived, reached, obtained)

• विद्धि (viddhi) - know (command to understand who they are) (know, understand (imperative))

• नः (naḥ) - us (direct object of 'know') (us, to us, our)

• सगरात्मजान् (sagarātmajān) - the sons of Sagara (referring to themselves) (sons of Sagara)

Words meanings and morphology

अस्माकम् (asmākam) - our (referring to the Sagara's sons' horse) (of us, our)

(pronoun)

Genitive, plural of asmad

asmad - I, we, us

त्वम् (tvam) - you (referring to the thief of the horse) (you)

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

हि (hi) - indeed, surely (emphasizing the statement) (indeed, surely, because)

(indeclinable)

तुरगम् (turagam) - the horse (stolen from Sagara's Vedic ritual) (horse)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of turaga

turaga - horse

Derived from 'tur' (to be quick) + 'ga' (going)

यज्ञियम् (yajñiyam) - intended for the Vedic ritual (yajña) (suitable for a Vedic ritual, sacrificial)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of yajñiya

yajñiya - suitable for a Vedic ritual, sacred, sacrificial

Derived from yajña with suffix -iya

Note: Agrees with 'turagam'.

हृतवान् (hṛtavān) - he (you) have stolen (having stolen, he has stolen)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hṛtavat

hṛtavat - having stolen, a thief

Past Active Participle

From root hṛ (to seize, steal) + ktavat pratyaya

Root: hṛ (class 1)

Note: Used with 'asi' to form a perfect tense.

असि (asi) - you are (as an auxiliary for 'have stolen') (you are)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of as

Root verb 'as' (to be)

Root: as (class 2)

Note: Auxiliary verb forming perfect tense with 'hṛtavān'.

दुर्मेधः (durmedhaḥ) - O foolish one (vocative address) (dull-witted, foolish, stupid)

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of durmedhas

durmedhas - dull-witted, foolish, stupid, ignorant

Compound of dur (bad) + medhas (intelligence)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dur+medhas)

• dur – bad, difficult, ill
  indeclinable
• medhas – intelligence, wisdom, understanding
  noun (neuter)

Note: Oh, dull-witted one.

त्वम् (tvam) - you (subject of 'know') (you)

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: Repeated for emphasis.

हि (hi) - indeed, surely (emphasizing the command) (indeed, surely)

(indeclinable)

सम्प्राप्तान् (samprāptān) - who have arrived (here, seeking the horse) (arrived, reached, obtained)

(participle)

Accusative, masculine, plural of samprāpta

samprāpta - arrived, obtained, reached

Past Passive Participle

From root āp (to obtain) with prefixes sam + pra

Prefixes: sam+pra

Root: āp (class 5)

Note: Qualifies 'sagarātmajān'.

विद्धि (viddhi) - know (command to understand who they are) (know, understand (imperative))

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of vid

Root verb 'vid'

Root: vid (class 2)

नः (naḥ) - us (direct object of 'know') (us, to us, our)

(pronoun)

Accusative, plural of asmad

asmad - I, we, us

Note: Also can be dative/genitive. Here it's accusative.

सगरात्मजान् (sagarātmajān) - the sons of Sagara (referring to themselves) (sons of Sagara)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of sagarātmaja

sagarātmaja - son of Sagara, Sagara's son

Compound of Sagara + ātmaja (self-born, son)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sagara+ātmaja)

• sagara – Sagara (a king's name)
  proper noun (masculine)
• ātmaja – son, daughter, self-born
  noun (masculine)
  From ātman + ja (born)
  Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Qualifies 'naḥ'.