वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-1, chapter-15, verse-25

कौसल्यायै नरपतिः पायसार्धं ददौ तदा ।
अर्धादर्धं ददौ चापि सुमित्रायै नराधिपः ।
कैकेय्यै चावशिष्टार्धं ददौ पुत्रार्थकारणात् ॥२५॥

25. kausalyāyai narapatiḥ pāyasārdhaṃ dadau tadā ,
ardhādardhaṃ dadau cāpi sumitrāyai narādhipaḥ ,
kaikeyyai cāvaśiṣṭārdhaṃ dadau putrārthakāraṇāt.

25. kausalyāyai narapatiḥ pāyasārdham
dadau tadā ardhāt ardham dadau ca api
sumitrāyai narādhipaḥ kaikeyyai ca
avaśiṣṭārdham dadau putrārthakāraṇāt

25. Then the king (narapati) gave half of the pudding to Kauśalyā. And the king (narādhipa) also gave half from a half (i.e., a quarter of the total) to Sumitrā. And for the sake of progeny, he gave the remaining half (i.e., the remaining quarter of the total) to Kaikeyī.

Words meanings summery:

• कौसल्यायै (kausalyāyai) - to Kauśalyā

• नरपतिः (narapatiḥ) - King Daśaratha (king, lord of men)

• पायसार्धम् (pāyasārdham) - half of the pudding

• ददौ (dadau) - gave

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• अर्धात् (ardhāt) - from the previously mentioned half (from a half)

• अर्धम् (ardham) - half of the previously mentioned half (half (of that portion))

• ददौ (dadau) - gave

• च (ca) - and, also

• अपि (api) - also, even

• सुमित्रायै (sumitrāyai) - to Sumitrā

• नराधिपः (narādhipaḥ) - King Daśaratha (king, lord of men)

• कैकेय्यै (kaikeyyai) - to Kaikeyī

• च (ca) - and, also

• अवशिष्टार्धम् (avaśiṣṭārdham) - the remaining half (portion)

• ददौ (dadau) - gave

• पुत्रार्थकारणात् (putrārthakāraṇāt) - for the sake/reason of a son/progeny

Words meanings and morphology

कौसल्यायै (kausalyāyai) - to Kauśalyā

(proper noun)

Dative, feminine, singular of kausalyā

kausalyā - Kauśalyā (name of Daśaratha's chief queen)

Feminine proper noun.

Note: Indirect object of 'dadau'.

नरपतिः (narapatiḥ) - King Daśaratha (king, lord of men)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of narapati

narapati - lord of men, king

Tatpuruṣa compound of 'nara' (man) and 'pati' (lord).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nara+pati)

• nara – man, human being
  noun (masculine)
• pati – lord, master, husband
  noun (masculine)

Note: Subject of 'dadau'.

पायसार्धम् (pāyasārdham) - half of the pudding

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of pāyasārdha

pāyasārdha - half of the milk-rice pudding

Tatpuruṣa compound of 'pāyasa' (pudding) and 'ardha' (half).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pāyasa+ardha)

• pāyasa – milk-rice pudding
  noun (neuter)
• ardha – half
  noun (neuter)

Note: Direct object of 'dadau'.

ददौ (dadau) - gave

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of dā

Perfect tense, 3rd person singular.

From root 'dā'.

Root: dā (class 3)

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

From pronominal stem 'tad'.

अर्धात् (ardhāt) - from the previously mentioned half (from a half)

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of ardha

ardha - half, part

Note: Specifies source.

अर्धम् (ardham) - half of the previously mentioned half (half (of that portion))

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of ardha

ardha - half, part

Note: Direct object of 'dadau'.

ददौ (dadau) - gave

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of dā

Perfect tense, 3rd person singular.

From root 'dā'.

Root: dā (class 3)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

अपि (api) - also, even

(indeclinable)

Particle.

सुमित्रायै (sumitrāyai) - to Sumitrā

(proper noun)

Dative, feminine, singular of sumitrā

sumitrā - Sumitrā (name of Daśaratha's queen, mother of Lakṣmaṇa and Śatrughna)

Feminine proper noun.

Note: Indirect object of 'dadau'.

नराधिपः (narādhipaḥ) - King Daśaratha (king, lord of men)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of narādhipa

narādhipa - king, lord of men

Tatpuruṣa compound of 'nara' (man) and 'adhipa' (ruler).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nara+adhipa)

• nara – man, human being
  noun (masculine)
• adhipa – ruler, lord
  noun (masculine)

Note: Subject of 'dadau'.

कैकेय्यै (kaikeyyai) - to Kaikeyī

(proper noun)

Dative, feminine, singular of kaikeyī

kaikeyī - Kaikeyī (name of Daśaratha's queen, mother of Bharata)

Feminine proper noun.

Note: Indirect object of 'dadau'.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

अवशिष्टार्धम् (avaśiṣṭārdham) - the remaining half (portion)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of avaśiṣṭārdha

avaśiṣṭārdha - remaining half, leftover half

Tatpuruṣa compound of 'avaśiṣṭa' (remaining) and 'ardha' (half).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (avaśiṣṭa+ardha)

• avaśiṣṭa – remaining, left over
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root 'śiṣ' with prefix 'ava'.
  Prefix: ava
  Root: śiṣ (class 7)
• ardha – half, portion
  noun (neuter)

Note: Direct object of 'dadau'.

ददौ (dadau) - gave

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of dā

Perfect tense, 3rd person singular.

From root 'dā'.

Root: dā (class 3)

पुत्रार्थकारणात् (putrārthakāraṇāt) - for the sake/reason of a son/progeny

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of putrārthakāraṇa

putrārthakāraṇa - reason for progeny, for the sake of a son

Tatpuruṣa compound of 'putra' (son), 'artha' (sake), and 'kāraṇa' (reason).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (putra+artha+kāraṇa)

• putra – son, child
  noun (masculine)
• artha – purpose, aim, meaning, wealth
  noun (masculine)
• kāraṇa – cause, reason, instrument
  noun (neuter)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Indicates the reason or cause.

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