वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-1, chapter-15, verse-10

कृष्णं रक्ताम्बरधरं रक्तास्यं दुन्दुभिस्वनम् ।
स्निग्धहर्यक्षतनुजश्मश्रुप्रवरमूर्धजम् ॥१०॥

10. kṛṣṇaṃ raktāmbaradharaṃ raktāsyaṃ dundubhisvanam ,
snigdhaharyakṣatanujaśmaśrupravaramūrdhajam.

10. kṛṣṇam raktāmbaradharam raktāsyam dundubhisvanam
snigdhaharyakṣatanujaśmaśrupravaramūrdhajam

10. kṛṣṇam raktāmbaradharam raktāsyam dundubhisvanam
snigdhaharyakṣatanujaśmaśrupravaramūrdhajam

10. (That being was) dark-complexioned, wearing red garments, with a red face, and a voice like a war-drum; with glossy body-hair like a lion's mane, and excellent beard and head-hair.

Words meanings summery:

• कृष्णम् (kṛṣṇam) - dark, black

• रक्ताम्बरधरम् (raktāmbaradharam) - wearing red garments

• रक्तास्यम् (raktāsyam) - red-faced, having a red mouth

• दुन्दुभिस्वनम् (dundubhisvanam) - having the sound of a war-drum, with a resonant voice

• स्निग्धहर्यक्षतनुजश्मश्रुप्रवरमूर्धजम् (snigdhaharyakṣatanujaśmaśrupravaramūrdhajam) - with glossy body-hair like a lion's mane, and excellent beard and head-hair

Words meanings and morphology

कृष्णम् (kṛṣṇam) - dark, black

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kṛṣṇa

kṛṣṇa - dark, black, dark-blue, Krishna

Note: Agrees with 'bhūtam' (understood)

रक्ताम्बरधरम् (raktāmbaradharam) - wearing red garments

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of raktāmbaradhara

raktāmbaradhara - wearing red garments

Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (rakta+ambara+dhara)

• rakta – red, colored, dyed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root rañj (to color, dye)
  Root: rañj (class 1)
• ambara – garment, clothing, sky
  noun (neuter)
• dhara – bearing, holding, wearing
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent noun from root dhṛ (to hold, wear)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'bhūtam' (understood)

रक्तास्यम् (raktāsyam) - red-faced, having a red mouth

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of raktāsya

raktāsya - red-faced, having a red mouth

Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (rakta+āsya)

• rakta – red, colored, dyed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root rañj (to color, dye)
  Root: rañj (class 1)
• āsya – face, mouth
  noun (neuter)

Note: Agrees with 'bhūtam' (understood)

दुन्दुभिस्वनम् (dundubhisvanam) - having the sound of a war-drum, with a resonant voice

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of dundubhisvana

dundubhisvana - having the sound of a war-drum, making a drum-like sound

Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (dundubhi+svana)

• dundubhi – war-drum, large drum
  noun (masculine)
• svana – sound, noise, voice
  noun (masculine)
  From root svan (to sound)
  Root: svan (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'bhūtam' (understood)

स्निग्धहर्यक्षतनुजश्मश्रुप्रवरमूर्धजम् (snigdhaharyakṣatanujaśmaśrupravaramūrdhajam) - with glossy body-hair like a lion's mane, and excellent beard and head-hair

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of snigdhaharyakṣatanujaśmaśrupravaramūrdhaja

snigdhaharyakṣatanujaśmaśrupravaramūrdhaja - having glossy body-hair like a lion's mane, and excellent beard and head-hair

Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (snigdha+haryakṣa+tanuja+śmaśru+pravara+mūrdhaja)

• snigdha – glossy, smooth, unctuous, affectionate
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From root snih (to be unctuous, to love)
  Root: snih (class 4)
• haryakṣa – lion
  noun (masculine)
• tanuja – body-born, hair (of the body), son
  noun (masculine)
  Root: jan (class 4)
• śmaśru – beard, moustache
  noun (neuter)
• pravara – excellent, chief, best
  adjective
• mūrdhaja – hair of the head
  noun (masculine)
  Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Agrees with 'bhūtam' (understood)

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