मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-109, verse-5
ततोऽग्निहोत्रिणः पुत्रो ब्रह्मचारी तपोरतिः ।
शप्तवान्स पितुर्दृष्ट्वा होमधेनुं निपातिताम् ॥५॥
शप्तवान्स पितुर्दृष्ट्वा होमधेनुं निपातिताम् ॥५॥
5. tato'gnihotriṇaḥ putro brahmacārī taporatiḥ .
śaptavānsa piturdṛṣṭvā homadhenuṃ nipātitām.
śaptavānsa piturdṛṣṭvā homadhenuṃ nipātitām.
5.
tataḥ agnihotriṇaḥ putraḥ brahmacārī taporatiḥ
śaptavān sa pituḥ dṛṣṭvā homadhenum nipātitām
śaptavān sa pituḥ dṛṣṭvā homadhenum nipātitām
5.
Then, the agnihotrin's son, a celibate student (brahmacārī) devoted to asceticism (tapas), upon seeing his father's sacrificial cow (homadhenu) struck down, pronounced a curse.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- ततः (tataḥ) - then, therefrom, thereafter
- अग्निहोत्रिणः (agnihotriṇaḥ) - of the one who maintains the sacred fire
- पुत्रः (putraḥ) - son, child
- ब्रह्मचारी (brahmacārī) - a celibate student, an ascetic
- तपोरतिः (taporatiḥ) - devoted to asceticism/austerities, delighting in penance
- शप्तवान् (śaptavān) - cursed, pronounced a curse
- स (sa) - he, that
- पितुः (pituḥ) - of the father
- दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, upon seeing
- होमधेनुम् (homadhenum) - a cow kept for sacrificial purposes (sacrificial cow)
- निपातिताम् (nipātitām) - struck down, killed, caused to fall
Words meanings and morphology
ततः (tataḥ) - then, therefrom, thereafter
(indeclinable)
Avyaya (indeclinable adverb)
अग्निहोत्रिणः (agnihotriṇaḥ) - of the one who maintains the sacred fire
(noun)
Genitive, masculine, singular of agnihotrin
agnihotrin - one who performs or maintains the agnihotra (sacred fire ritual)
Nominal derivation from 'agnihotra'
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (agni+hotrin)
- agni – fire, sacred fire
noun (masculine) - hotrin – sacrificer, priest
noun (masculine)
From root HU (to offer)
Root: hu (class 3)
Note: Modifies 'putraḥ'.
पुत्रः (putraḥ) - son, child
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of putra
putra - son, child
ब्रह्मचारी (brahmacārī) - a celibate student, an ascetic
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of brahmacārin
brahmacārin - one who observes brahmacarya (celibacy, religious studenthood)
Compound noun, from 'brahman' (Veda/sacred knowledge) + 'car' (to wander/practice)
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (brahman+cārin)
- brahman – Veda, sacred knowledge, ultimate reality
noun (neuter) - cārin – practicing, going, wandering
adjective (masculine)
From root CAR (to move, to practice)
Root: car (class 1)
Note: Modifies 'putraḥ'. The term (brahmacārī) refers to a student in the first stage of life (āśrama).
तपोरतिः (taporatiḥ) - devoted to asceticism/austerities, delighting in penance
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of taporati
taporati - delighting in or devoted to asceticism
Compound adjective
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (tapas+rati)
- tapas – asceticism, austerity, penance, heat
noun (neuter) - rati – delight, attachment, devotion, pleasure
noun (feminine)
Note: Modifies 'putraḥ'. The term (tapas) refers to spiritual austerities.
शप्तवान् (śaptavān) - cursed, pronounced a curse
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of śaptavat
śaptavat - having cursed
Past Active Participle
From root ŚAP (to curse), past active participle (kartari kṛt), nominative singular masculine
Root: śap (class 1)
स (sa) - he, that
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of tad
tad - that, he, she, it
Note: Refers to the son of the agnihotrin.
पितुः (pituḥ) - of the father
(noun)
Genitive, masculine, singular of pitṛ
pitṛ - father
दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, upon seeing
(indeclinable)
Absolutive/Gerund
From root DṚŚ (to see) with suffix -tvā
Root: dṛś (class 1)
Note: Connects to the main verb 'śaptavān'.
होमधेनुम् (homadhenum) - a cow kept for sacrificial purposes (sacrificial cow)
(noun)
Accusative, feminine, singular of homadhenu
homadhenu - sacrificial cow
Compound noun
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (homa+dhenu)
- homa – oblation, sacrifice, a Vedic ritual
noun (masculine)
From root HU (to offer)
Root: hu (class 3) - dhenu – cow, milch cow
noun (feminine)
Note: Object of 'dṛṣṭvā'.
निपातिताम् (nipātitām) - struck down, killed, caused to fall
(adjective)
Accusative, feminine, singular of nipātita
nipātita - struck down, killed, caused to fall
Past Passive Participle (Causal)
From causal of root PAT (to fall) with prefix NI, past passive participle, accusative singular feminine
Prefix: ni
Root: pat (class 1)
Note: Modifies 'homadhenum'.