मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-109, verse-16
यदि राज्ञा हता धेनुरियं विज्ञानिना सता ।
युक्तमत्र दयां कर्तुमात्मनो हितबोधिना ॥१६॥
युक्तमत्र दयां कर्तुमात्मनो हितबोधिना ॥१६॥
16. yadi rājñā hatā dhenuriyaṃ vijñāninā satā .
yuktamatra dayāṃ kartumātmano hitabodhinā.
yuktamatra dayāṃ kartumātmano hitabodhinā.
16.
yadi rājñā hatā dhenuḥ iyam vijñāninā satā
yuktam atra dayām kartum ātmanaḥ hitabodhinā
yuktam atra dayām kartum ātmanaḥ hitabodhinā
16.
If this cow was killed by a king who is truly wise, then it is proper to show mercy in this situation, for one who understands one's own benefit.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- यदि (yadi) - if, in case
- राज्ञा (rājñā) - by the king
- हता (hatā) - killed, slain
- धेनुः (dhenuḥ) - cow
- इयम् (iyam) - this (feminine)
- विज्ञानिना (vijñāninā) - by the knowledgeable, by the wise one
- सता (satā) - by the truly good/virtuous (by the good, by the existing, by the virtuous one)
- युक्तम् (yuktam) - proper, fit, suitable, joined
- अत्र (atra) - in this situation (here, in this matter, in this case)
- दयाम् (dayām) - mercy, compassion, pity
- कर्तुम् (kartum) - to show (mercy) (to do, to make, to perform)
- आत्मनः (ātmanaḥ) - of oneself, of the self (ātman)
- हितबोधिना (hitabodhinā) - by one who knows/understands what is beneficial
Words meanings and morphology
यदि (yadi) - if, in case
(indeclinable)
राज्ञा (rājñā) - by the king
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, singular of rājan
rājan - king, ruler, sovereign
Root: rāj (class 1)
हता (hatā) - killed, slain
(adjective)
Nominative, feminine, singular of hata
hata - killed, slain, struck, destroyed
Past Passive Participle
From root √han (to strike, kill) + kta suffix
Root: han (class 2)
Note: Feminine form.
धेनुः (dhenuḥ) - cow
(noun)
Nominative, feminine, singular of dhenu
dhenu - milch cow, cow
From root √dhī (to suckle) + nu suffix
Root: dhī (class 3)
इयम् (iyam) - this (feminine)
(pronoun)
Nominative, feminine, singular of idam
idam - this, this here
Note: Demonstrative pronoun.
विज्ञानिना (vijñāninā) - by the knowledgeable, by the wise one
(adjective)
Instrumental, masculine, singular of vijñānin
vijñānin - knowledgeable, wise, intelligent; a learned person
Adjective from vi-jñāna + in suffix
From vi-jñā (to understand, know) + in suffix
Prefix: vi
Root: jñā (class 9)
Note: Used substantively as 'by the wise one'.
सता (satā) - by the truly good/virtuous (by the good, by the existing, by the virtuous one)
(adjective)
Instrumental, masculine, singular of sat
sat - existing, real, true, good, virtuous; a good person, a wise person
Present Active Participle
From root √as (to be) + śatṛ suffix
Root: as (class 2)
Note: Used substantively as 'by the good/virtuous one'.
युक्तम् (yuktam) - proper, fit, suitable, joined
(adjective)
Nominative, neuter, singular of yukta
yukta - joined, united, endowed with, proper, fit, suitable
Past Passive Participle
From root √yuj (to join, connect, apply) + kta suffix
Root: yuj (class 7)
Note: Predicative use.
अत्र (atra) - in this situation (here, in this matter, in this case)
(indeclinable)
From idam + tral suffix
दयाम् (dayām) - mercy, compassion, pity
(noun)
Accusative, feminine, singular of dayā
dayā - pity, compassion, mercy, sympathy
From root √day (to pity, be compassionate) + ā suffix
Root: day (class 1)
Note: Object of the infinitive kartum.
कर्तुम् (kartum) - to show (mercy) (to do, to make, to perform)
(indeclinable)
Infinitive
From root kṛ (to do) + tumun suffix
Root: kṛ (class 8)
Note: Infinitive expressing purpose or potential.
आत्मनः (ātmanaḥ) - of oneself, of the self (ātman)
(noun)
Genitive, masculine, singular of ātman
ātman - self, soul, spirit, individual soul, the Supreme Soul (ātman)
From root √at (to breathe) + man suffix
Root: at (class 1)
Note: Possessive, 'one's own'.
हितबोधिना (hitabodhinā) - by one who knows/understands what is beneficial
(adjective)
Instrumental, masculine, singular of hitabodhin
hitabodhin - one who understands what is beneficial, knowing what is good
Compound type : tatpurusha (hita+bodhin)
- hita – beneficial, salutary, advantageous, good
adjective (neuter)
Past Passive Participle
From √dhā (to place, put) + kta suffix; prefix hi implies welfare
Root: dhā (class 3) - bodhin – knowing, perceiving, understanding; one who understands
adjective (masculine)
Agent noun/adjective from √budh
From √budh (to know, understand) + in suffix
Root: budh (class 1)
Note: Instrumental singular masculine, implies the agent of 'proper' action.