मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम् mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam - chapter-109, verse-17

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अथवाऽजानता धेनुरियं व्यापादिता मम ।
तत्कथं शापयोग्योऽयं दुष्टं नास्य मनो यतः ॥१७॥

17. athavā'jānatā dhenuriyaṃ vyāpāditā mama .
tatkathaṃ śāpayogyo'yaṃ duṣṭaṃ nāsya mano yataḥ.

17. athavā ajānatā dhenuḥ iyam vyāpāditā mama tat
katham śāpayogyaḥ ayam duṣṭam na asya manaḥ yataḥ

17. Or perhaps this cow was killed by me unknowingly. If that is the case, then how can I be worthy of a curse, since my mind was not malicious?

Words meanings summery:

(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)

अथवा (athavā) - or, or else, or perhaps

अजानता (ajānatā) - by one who does not know, unknowingly

धेनुः (dhenuḥ) - cow

इयम् (iyam) - this (feminine)

व्यापादिता (vyāpāditā) - killed, caused to perish, destroyed

मम (mama) - my, of me

तत् (tat) - If that is the case, then... (therefore, then, that)

कथम् (katham) - how, why

शापयोग्यः (śāpayogyaḥ) - worthy of a curse, deserving of imprecation

अयम् (ayam) - I (referring to the speaker, often implied with mama and ajānatā) (this (masculine), I (in context))

दुष्टम् (duṣṭam) - corrupt, wicked, evil, malicious

न (na) - not, no

अस्य (asya) - of his (referring to the agent, the speaker) (of him, of this (neuter/masculine))

मनः (manaḥ) - mind, intellect, heart

यतः (yataḥ) - since, because (because, since, from which)

Words meanings and morphology

अथवा (athavā) - or, or else, or perhaps

(indeclinable)

atha + vā

अजानता (ajānatā) - by one who does not know, unknowingly

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of ajānat

ajānat - not knowing, ignorant, unaware

Present Active Participle (negative)

a (not) + jānat (knowing), from root √jñā (to know) + śatṛ suffix

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+jānat)

a – not, un-
indeclinable
Negative prefix
jānat – knowing, aware
adjective (masculine)
Present Active Participle
From root √jñā (to know) + śatṛ suffix
Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Implies 'by me, unknowingly' in context.

धेनुः (dhenuḥ) - cow

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of dhenu

dhenu - milch cow, cow

From root √dhī (to suckle) + nu suffix

Root: dhī (class 3)

इयम् (iyam) - this (feminine)

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of idam

idam - this, this here

Note: Demonstrative pronoun.

व्यापादिता (vyāpāditā) - killed, caused to perish, destroyed

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of vyāpādita

vyāpādita - killed, destroyed, harmed, caused to perish

Past Passive Participle (causative)

From vi-ā-√pad (causative pād) + kta suffix.

Prefixes: vi+ā

Root: pad (class 4)

Note: Feminine form.

मम (mama) - my, of me

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

Note: Implies 'by me' in a construction with a passive verb and instrumental agent.

तत् (tat) - If that is the case, then... (therefore, then, that)

(indeclinable)

Note: Used as a connective adverb.

कथम् (katham) - how, why

(indeclinable)

From kim (what) + tham suffix

शापयोग्यः (śāpayogyaḥ) - worthy of a curse, deserving of imprecation

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śāpayogya

śāpayogya - deserving of a curse, worthy of imprecation

Compound type : tatpurusha (śāpa+yogya)

śāpa – curse, imprecation, oath
noun (masculine)
From √śap (to curse, swear)
Root: śap (class 1)
yogya – fit, proper, suitable, worthy of
adjective (masculine/neuter)
Gerundive/potential passive participle
From √yuj (to join, fit) + ya suffix
Root: yuj (class 7)

Note: Predicative use, agreeing with ayam.

अयम् (ayam) - I (referring to the speaker, often implied with mama and ajānatā) (this (masculine), I (in context))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, this here

Note: Refers to the speaker or 'this person'.

दुष्टम् (duṣṭam) - corrupt, wicked, evil, malicious

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of duṣṭa

duṣṭa - corrupt, evil, wicked, malicious, bad, spoiled

Past Passive Participle

From root √duṣ (to be bad, faulty) + kta suffix