महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-58, verse-4

गौर्गौरिति पुरा मन्द द्रौपदीमेकवाससम् ।
यत्सभायां हसन्नस्मांस्तदा वदसि दुर्मते ।
तस्यावहासस्य फलमद्य त्वं समवाप्नुहि ॥४॥

4. gaurgauriti purā manda draupadīmekavāsasam ,
yatsabhāyāṁ hasannasmāṁstadā vadasi durmate ,
tasyāvahāsasya phalamadya tvaṁ samavāpnuhi.

4. gauḥ gauḥ iti purā manda draupadīm
ekavāsasam yat sabhāyām hasan asmān
tadā vadasi durmate tasya avahāsasya
phalam adya tvam samavāpnuhi

4. manda durmate purā yat sabhāyām ekavāsasam draupadīm asmān ca hasan tadā gauḥ gauḥ iti vadasi,
tasya avahāsasya phalam adya tvam samavāpnuhi

4. O dull-witted and evil-minded one, because you formerly, in the assembly, laughing, addressed us and Draupadi, who was clad in a single garment, with "Cow, cow!"—therefore, today, you shall reap the consequence of that ridicule.

Words meanings summery:

• गौः (gauḥ) - cow (as an insult) (cow, earth, speech, ray of light)

• गौः (gauḥ) - cow (as an insult) (cow, earth, speech, ray of light)

• इति (iti) - (indicating direct speech) (thus, in this manner, so saying)

• पुरा (purā) - formerly (formerly, previously, in ancient times)

• मन्द (manda) - O dull-witted one (dull, slow, weak, fool)

• द्रौपदीम् (draupadīm) - Draupadi (Draupadi (proper name))

• एकवाससम् (ekavāsasam) - wearing a single garment

• यत् (yat) - because (which, because, that (relative pronoun))

• सभायाम् (sabhāyām) - in the assembly (in the assembly, in the hall)

• हसन् (hasan) - laughing (laughing, smiling)

• अस्मान् (asmān) - us (the Pandavas) (us (accusative plural))

• तदा (tadā) - at that time (then, at that time)

• वदसि (vadasi) - you speak, you say

• दुर्मते (durmate) - O evil-minded one (O evil-minded one, O foolish one)

• तस्य (tasya) - of that (of that, his (genitive singular))

• अवहासस्य (avahāsasya) - of that ridicule (of ridicule, of mockery)

• फलम् (phalam) - the consequence (fruit, result, consequence)

• अद्य (adya) - today (today, now)

• त्वम् (tvam) - you (Duryodhana) (you (nominative singular))

• समवाप्नुहि (samavāpnuhi) - obtain, receive (obtain, attain, receive, get)

Words meanings and morphology

गौः (gauḥ) - cow (as an insult) (cow, earth, speech, ray of light)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of go

go - cow, ox, earth, speech, ray of light, heaven

गौः (gauḥ) - cow (as an insult) (cow, earth, speech, ray of light)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of go

go - cow, ox, earth, speech, ray of light, heaven

इति (iti) - (indicating direct speech) (thus, in this manner, so saying)

(indeclinable)

पुरा (purā) - formerly (formerly, previously, in ancient times)

(indeclinable)

मन्द (manda) - O dull-witted one (dull, slow, weak, fool)

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of manda

manda - dull, slow, weak, foolish, lazy, feeble

Root: mand (class 1)

द्रौपदीम् (draupadīm) - Draupadi (Draupadi (proper name))

(proper noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of draupadī

draupadī - Draupadi (wife of the Pandavas, daughter of Drupada)

Patronymic from Drupada.

Note: Object of 'vadasi'.

एकवाससम् (ekavāsasam) - wearing a single garment

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of ekavāsas

ekavāsas - wearing a single garment, clad in one cloth

Bahuvrihi compound: 'eka' (one) + 'vāsas' (garment).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (eka+vāsas)

• eka – one, single, alone
  numeral (masculine)
• vāsas – garment, clothing
  noun (neuter)

Note: Agrees with 'draupadīm'.

यत् (yat) - because (which, because, that (relative pronoun))

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what, that (relative pronoun), because, so that

Note: Functions as a conjunction 'because'.

सभायाम् (sabhāyām) - in the assembly (in the assembly, in the hall)

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of sabhā

sabhā - assembly, council, hall, court

हसन् (hasan) - laughing (laughing, smiling)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hasat

hasat - laughing, smiling

Present Active Participle

Derived from root 'has' (to laugh).

Root: has (class 1)

अस्मान् (asmān) - us (the Pandavas) (us (accusative plural))

(pronoun)

Accusative, plural of asmad

asmad - I, we (first person pronoun)

Note: Object of 'vadasi'.

तदा (tadā) - at that time (then, at that time)

(indeclinable)

Formed from pronoun 'tad' + suffix '-dā'.

वदसि (vadasi) - you speak, you say

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of vad

Present active

2nd person singular, present tense, active voice.

Root: vad (class 1)

दुर्मते (durmate) - O evil-minded one (O evil-minded one, O foolish one)

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of durmati

durmati - evil-minded, foolish, ill-disposed

Bahuvrihi compound: 'dur' (bad, evil) + 'mati' (mind, intellect).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dur+mati)

• dur – bad, evil, difficult
  indeclinable
  Prefix indicating badness or difficulty.
• mati – mind, intellect, thought, intention
  noun (feminine)
  Root: man (class 4)

तस्य (tasya) - of that (of that, his (genitive singular))

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, this, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun, masculine/neuter genitive singular.

अवहासस्य (avahāsasya) - of that ridicule (of ridicule, of mockery)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of avahāsa

avahāsa - ridicule, mockery, contemptuous laughter

Derived from 'ava-' + root 'has' (to laugh).

Prefix: ava

Root: has (class 1)

फलम् (phalam) - the consequence (fruit, result, consequence)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of phala

phala - fruit, result, consequence, reward, advantage

अद्य (adya) - today (today, now)

(indeclinable)

त्वम् (tvam) - you (Duryodhana) (you (nominative singular))

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (second person pronoun)

Note: Subject of 'samavāpnuhi'.

समवाप्नुहि (samavāpnuhi) - obtain, receive (obtain, attain, receive, get)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of samavāp

Imperative active

2nd person singular, imperative mood, active voice. From 'sam-ava-āp' (to obtain fully). Root 'āp' is 5th class.

Prefixes: sam+ava

Root: āp (class 5)