महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-58, verse-2

उन्मत्तमिव मातङ्गं सिंहेन विनिपातितम् ।
ददृशुर्हृष्टरोमाणः सर्वे ते चापि सोमकाः ॥२॥

2. unmattamiva mātaṅgaṁ siṁhena vinipātitam ,
dadṛśurhṛṣṭaromāṇaḥ sarve te cāpi somakāḥ.

2. unmattam iva mātaṅgam siṃhena vinipātitam
dadṛśuḥ hṛṣṭaromāṇaḥ sarve te ca api somakāḥ

2. sarve te api somakāḥ hṛṣṭaromāṇaḥ unmattam
mātaṅgam siṃhena vinipātitam iva dadṛśuḥ

2. All those Somakas, with their hair standing on end, saw him struck down by a lion, just like a mad elephant.

Words meanings summery:

• उन्मत्तम् (unmattam) - maddened (mad, frenzied, intoxicated)

• इव (iva) - just like (like, as if, as, similar to)

• मातङ्गम् (mātaṅgam) - an elephant (elephant)

• सिंहेन (siṁhena) - by a lion

• विनिपातितम् (vinipātitam) - struck down (thrown down, struck down, felled)

• ददृशुः (dadṛśuḥ) - they saw

• हृष्टरोमाणः (hṛṣṭaromāṇaḥ) - with their hair standing on end (having bristling hair, with hairs standing on end)

• सर्वे (sarve) - all (all, every)

• ते (te) - those (they, those)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• अपि (api) - even (also, even, too)

• सोमकाः (somakāḥ) - the Somakas (the Somakas (a people, a tribe))

Words meanings and morphology

उन्मत्तम् (unmattam) - maddened (mad, frenzied, intoxicated)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of unmatta

unmatta - mad, frenzied, intoxicated, excited

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root 'mad' (to be excited, rejoice) with the prefix 'ud-' (up).

Prefix: ud

Root: mad (class 4)

Note: Agrees with 'mātaṅgam'.

इव (iva) - just like (like, as if, as, similar to)

(indeclinable)

मातङ्गम् (mātaṅgam) - an elephant (elephant)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mātaṅga

mātaṅga - elephant, a man of the lowest caste

सिंहेन (siṁhena) - by a lion

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of siṃha

siṁha - lion

विनिपातितम् (vinipātitam) - struck down (thrown down, struck down, felled)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vinipātita

vinipātita - thrown down, struck down, felled

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root 'pat' (to fall) with prefixes 'vi' and 'ni'.

Prefixes: vi+ni

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'mātaṅgam'.

ददृशुः (dadṛśuḥ) - they saw

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of dṛś

Perfect active

3rd person plural, perfect tense, active voice.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

हृष्टरोमाणः (hṛṣṭaromāṇaḥ) - with their hair standing on end (having bristling hair, with hairs standing on end)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of hṛṣṭaroman

hṛṣṭaroman - having bristling hair, with hairs standing on end

Bahuvrihi compound: hṛṣṭa (thrilled, bristling) + roman (hair).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (hṛṣṭa+roman)

• hṛṣṭa – thrilled, bristling, delighted
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root 'hṛṣ' (to be thrilled).
  Root: hṛṣ (class 1)
• roman – hair (on the body)
  noun (neuter)

Note: Agrees with 'somakāḥ'.

सर्वे (sarve) - all (all, every)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, entire

Note: Agrees with 'somakāḥ'.

ते (te) - those (they, those)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those (pronoun)

Note: Agrees with 'somakāḥ'.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

अपि (api) - even (also, even, too)

(indeclinable)

सोमकाः (somakāḥ) - the Somakas (the Somakas (a people, a tribe))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of somaka

somaka - a name of a king, a patronymic, a people associated with Somaka king