महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-58, verse-12

पुनश्च राज्ञः पतितस्य भूमौ स तां गदां स्कन्धगतां निरीक्ष्य ।
वामेन पादेन शिरः प्रमृद्य दुर्योधनं नैकृतिकेत्यवोचत् ॥१२॥

12. punaśca rājñaḥ patitasya bhūmau; sa tāṁ gadāṁ skandhagatāṁ nirīkṣya ,
vāmena pādena śiraḥ pramṛdya; duryodhanaṁ naikṛtiketyavocat.

12. punaḥ ca rājñaḥ patitasya bhūmau
sa tām gadām skandhagatām nirīkṣya
vāmena pādena śiraḥ pramṛdya
duryodhanam naikṛtika iti avocan

12. punaḥ ca saḥ rājñaḥ bhūmau patitasya
tām skandhagatām gadām nirīkṣya
vāmena pādena śiraḥ pramṛdya
duryodhanam naikṛtika iti avocan

12. And again, when that king had fallen to the ground, he, observing the mace lying on Duryodhana's shoulder, pressed his head with his left foot and addressed Duryodhana, saying, 'O deceitful one!'

Words meanings summery:

• पुनः (punaḥ) - again, furthermore

• च (ca) - and

• राज्ञः (rājñaḥ) - of the king (Duryodhana) (of the king)

• पतितस्य (patitasya) - of the king (Duryodhana) who had fallen (of the fallen one, who has fallen)

• भूमौ (bhūmau) - on the ground, on the earth

• स (sa) - Bhīmasena (he)

• ताम् (tām) - that (mace) (that (feminine))

• गदाम् (gadām) - mace

• स्कन्धगताम् (skandhagatām) - the mace lying on Duryodhana's shoulder (lying on the shoulder, reached the shoulder)

• निरीक्ष्य (nirīkṣya) - having seen, observing

• वामेन (vāmena) - with the left foot (with the left (hand/foot))

• पादेन (pādena) - by/with the foot

• शिरः (śiraḥ) - Duryodhana's head (head)

• प्रमृद्य (pramṛdya) - having crushed, having pressed

• दुर्योधनम् (duryodhanam) - Duryodhana

• नैकृतिक (naikṛtika) - O deceiver, O rogue, O deceitful one

• इति (iti) - thus, so, saying

• अवोचन् (avocan) - he spoke, he said

Words meanings and morphology

पुनः (punaḥ) - again, furthermore

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

राज्ञः (rājñaḥ) - of the king (Duryodhana) (of the king)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler, prince

पतितस्य (patitasya) - of the king (Duryodhana) who had fallen (of the fallen one, who has fallen)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of patita

patita - fallen, descended, degraded

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'pat' (to fall)

Root: pat (class 1)

भूमौ (bhūmau) - on the ground, on the earth

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of bhūmi

bhūmi - earth, ground, land

स (sa) - Bhīmasena (he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he

ताम् (tām) - that (mace) (that (feminine))

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, she

गदाम् (gadām) - mace

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of gadā

gadā - a mace, club, bludgeon

स्कन्धगताम् (skandhagatām) - the mace lying on Duryodhana's shoulder (lying on the shoulder, reached the shoulder)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of skandhagatā

skandhagatā - lying on the shoulder, resting on the shoulder

Compound type : saptaī-tatpuruṣa (skandha+gatā)

• skandha – shoulder, trunk (of a tree)
  noun (masculine)
• gatā – gone, reached, placed, lying
  adjective (feminine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root 'gam' (to go), feminine form.
  Root: gam (class 1)

निरीक्ष्य (nirīkṣya) - having seen, observing

(indeclinable)

Gerund (absolutive)

Formed with suffix '-ya' after upasarga

Prefix: nis

Root: īkṣ (class 1)

वामेन (vāmena) - with the left foot (with the left (hand/foot))

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of vāma

vāma - left, adverse, disagreeable, beautiful

पादेन (pādena) - by/with the foot

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of pāda

pāda - foot, leg, quarter, ray

शिरः (śiraḥ) - Duryodhana's head (head)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of śiras

śiras - head, top, summit

प्रमृद्य (pramṛdya) - having crushed, having pressed

(indeclinable)

Gerund (absolutive)

Formed with suffix '-ya' after upasarga

Prefix: pra

Root: mṛd (class 9)

दुर्योधनम् (duryodhanam) - Duryodhana

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of duryodhana

duryodhana - Duryodhana (a proper name, the eldest son of Dhritarashtra)

नैकृतिक (naikṛtika) - O deceiver, O rogue, O deceitful one

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of naikṛtika

naikṛtika - deceitful, dishonest, treacherous, rogue, scoundrel

From 'nikṛti' (fraud, deceit) + suffix 'ṭhak'

Note: Vocative form, addressing Duryodhana.

इति (iti) - thus, so, saying

(indeclinable)

अवोचन् (avocan) - he spoke, he said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of vac

Prefix: a

Root: vac (class 2)