महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-58, verse-20

आत्मनो ह्यपराधेन महद्व्यसनमीदृशम् ।
प्राप्तवानसि यल्लोभान्मदाद्बाल्याच्च भारत ॥२०॥

20. ātmano hyaparādhena mahadvyasanamīdṛśam ,
prāptavānasi yallobhānmadādbālyācca bhārata.

20. ātmanaḥ hi aparādhena mahat vyasanam īdṛśam
prāptavān asi yat lobhāt madāt bālyāt ca bhārata

20. he bhārata hi ātmanaḥ aparādhena lobhāt madāt
bālyāt ca yat īdṛśam mahat vyasanam prāptavān asi

20. Indeed, O Bhārata, you have incurred such a great misfortune because of your own offense (aparādha), stemming from greed, arrogance, and foolishness.

Words meanings summery:

• आत्मनः (ātmanaḥ) - by your own (referring to Duryodhana's self) (of oneself, by oneself, one's own)

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, because

• अपराधेन (aparādhena) - by offense, by fault, by transgression

• महत् (mahat) - great, immense

• व्यसनम् (vyasanam) - calamity, misfortune, disaster

• ईदृशम् (īdṛśam) - such, of this kind

• प्राप्तवान् (prāptavān) - having obtained, having reached

• असि (asi) - you are

• यत् (yat) - because (that, because, which)

• लोभात् (lobhāt) - from greed

• मदात् (madāt) - from arrogance, from pride, from intoxication

• बाल्यात् (bālyāt) - from foolishness, from immaturity, from childhood

• च (ca) - and

• भारत (bhārata) - O Duryodhana (addressed by Yudhiṣṭhira) (O descendant of Bharata)

Words meanings and morphology

आत्मनः (ātmanaḥ) - by your own (referring to Duryodhana's self) (of oneself, by oneself, one's own)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of ātman

ātman - self, soul, spirit, essential nature (ātman)

N-stem noun.

Root: an (class 2)

Note: Modifies aparādhena (fault of oneself). Genitive can be used with agency.

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, because

(indeclinable)

Particle indicating emphasis or reason.

अपराधेन (aparādhena) - by offense, by fault, by transgression

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of aparādha

aparādha - offense, fault, transgression, sin

From apa (away) + rādh (to succeed) or ā (towards) + rādh.

Prefix: apa

Root: rādh (class 5)

महत् (mahat) - great, immense

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, immense, important

P.P.A. of mah (to grow).

Root: mah (class 1)

व्यसनम् (vyasanam) - calamity, misfortune, disaster

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vyasana

vyasana - calamity, misfortune, disaster, addiction, vice

From vi (away) + as (to throw).

Prefix: vi

Root: as (class 4)

ईदृशम् (īdṛśam) - such, of this kind

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of īdṛśa

īdṛśa - such, of this kind, like this

From idam (this) + dṛś (to see, appear).

प्राप्तवान् (prāptavān) - having obtained, having reached

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prāptavat

prāptavat - one who has obtained, having reached

Perfect Active Participle (kṛt)

From pra (prefix) + root āp (to obtain) + suffix ktavat.

Prefix: pra

Root: āp (class 5)

Note: Subject is implied tvam.

असि (asi) - you are

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of as

Present indicative, 2nd person singular, active voice.

From root as (to be).

Root: as (class 2)

यत् (yat) - because (that, because, which)

(indeclinable)

Relative pronoun used as a conjunction.

लोभात् (lobhāt) - from greed

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of lobha

lobha - greed, covetousness, avarice, desire

From root lubh (to covet).

Root: lubh (class 4)

मदात् (madāt) - from arrogance, from pride, from intoxication

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of mada

mada - intoxication, pride, arrogance, passion, joy

From root mad (to be glad, intoxicated).

Root: mad (class 4)

बाल्यात् (bālyāt) - from foolishness, from immaturity, from childhood

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of bālya

bālya - childhood, infancy, foolishness, immaturity

From bāla (child) + ṣyañ (abstract noun suffix).

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

भारत (bhārata) - O Duryodhana (addressed by Yudhiṣṭhira) (O descendant of Bharata)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bhārata

bhārata - descendant of Bharata, relating to Bharata, a king of the lunar dynasty

From bharata (proper noun) + aṇ (descendant suffix).

Root: bhṛ (class 1)