महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-58, verse-3

ततो दुर्योधनं हत्वा भीमसेनः प्रतापवान् ।
पतितं कौरवेन्द्रं तमुपगम्येदमब्रवीत् ॥३॥

3. tato duryodhanaṁ hatvā bhīmasenaḥ pratāpavān ,
patitaṁ kauravendraṁ tamupagamyedamabravīt.

3. tataḥ duryodhanam hatvā bhīmasenaḥ pratāpavān
patitam kauravendram tam upagamya idam abravīt

3. tataḥ pratāpavān bhīmasenaḥ duryodhanam hatvā
tam patitam kauravendram upagamya idam abravīt

3. Then, the mighty Bhimasena, having killed Duryodhana, approached that fallen chief of the Kurus and spoke these words.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thence, from that)

• दुर्योधनम् (duryodhanam) - Duryodhana (Duryodhana (proper name))

• हत्वा (hatvā) - having killed (having killed, having slain)

• भीमसेनः (bhīmasenaḥ) - Bhimasena (Bhimasena (proper name))

• प्रतापवान् (pratāpavān) - mighty (powerful, glorious, mighty)

• पतितम् (patitam) - fallen (fallen, degraded)

• कौरवेन्द्रम् (kauravendram) - the chief of the Kurus (chief of the Kurus, best of the Kurus)

• तम् (tam) - that (referring to Duryodhana) (him, that (masculine accusative singular))

• उपगम्य (upagamya) - having approached (having approached, having gone near)

• इदम् (idam) - these (words) (this, these (neuter accusative singular))

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - he spoke (he said, he spoke)

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thence, from that)

(indeclinable)

दुर्योधनम् (duryodhanam) - Duryodhana (Duryodhana (proper name))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of duryodhana

duryodhana - Duryodhana (son of Dhritarashtra, antagonist in Mahabharata)

Compound of 'dur-' (bad, difficult) and 'yodhana' (fighter, fighting).

Prefix: dur

Root: yudh (class 4)

हत्वा (hatvā) - having killed (having killed, having slain)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed from root 'han' (to strike, kill) with suffix '-tvā'.

Root: han (class 2)

भीमसेनः (bhīmasenaḥ) - Bhimasena (Bhimasena (proper name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhīmasena

bhīmasena - Bhimasena (one of the Pandava brothers, known for strength)

Compound of 'bhīma' (terrible) and 'sena' (army, host). Literally 'he who has a terrible army' or 'terribly strong'.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bhīma+sena)

• bhīma – terrible, formidable, dreadful
  adjective (masculine)
• sena – army, host, commander
  noun (masculine)

प्रतापवान् (pratāpavān) - mighty (powerful, glorious, mighty)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pratāpavat

pratāpavat - powerful, glorious, mighty, possessing splendor

Derived from 'pratāpa' (splendor, might) with the possessive suffix '-vat'.

Note: Agrees with 'bhīmasenaḥ'.

पतितम् (patitam) - fallen (fallen, degraded)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of patita

patita - fallen, degraded, cast down

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'pat' (to fall).

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'kauravendram'.

कौरवेन्द्रम् (kauravendram) - the chief of the Kurus (chief of the Kurus, best of the Kurus)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kauravendra

kauravendra - chief of the Kurus, king of the Kurus, best of the Kurus

Tatpurusha compound: 'kaurava' (of the Kuru clan) + 'indra' (chief, best).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kaurava+indra)

• kaurava – descendant of Kuru, belonging to the Kuru family
  adjective (masculine)
• indra – chief, lord, king
  noun (masculine)

तम् (tam) - that (referring to Duryodhana) (him, that (masculine accusative singular))

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, him, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Refers to Duryodhana.

उपगम्य (upagamya) - having approached (having approached, having gone near)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed from prefix 'upa' + root 'gam' (to go) + suffix '-ya' (used when preceded by a prefix).

Prefix: upa

Root: gam (class 1)

इदम् (idam) - these (words) (this, these (neuter accusative singular))

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, these

Demonstrative pronoun, neuter nominative/accusative singular.

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - he spoke (he said, he spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of brū

Imperfect active

3rd person singular, imperfect tense, active voice. Augment 'a' + root 'brū'.

Root: brū (class 2)