महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-127, verse-12

कर्ण उवाच ।
आचार्यं मा विगर्हस्व शक्त्या युध्यत्यसौ द्विजः ।
अजय्यान्पाण्डवान्मन्ये द्रोणेनास्त्रविदा मृधे ॥१२॥

12. karṇa uvāca ,
ācāryaṁ mā vigarhasva śaktyā yudhyatyasau dvijaḥ ,
ajayyānpāṇḍavānmanye droṇenāstravidā mṛdhe.

12. karṇa uvāca ācāryam mā vigarhasva śaktyā yudhyati asau
dvijaḥ ajayyān pāṇḍavān manye droṇena astravidā mṛdhe

12. karṇa uvāca: ācāryam mā vigarhasva.
asau dvijaḥ śaktyā yudhyati.
droṇena astravidā mṛdhe pāṇḍavān ajayyān manye.

12. Karna said: Do not criticize the preceptor! That Brahmin (dvija) fights with all his might. I consider the Pandavas to be unconquerable even by Drona, who is an expert in weapons, in battle.

Words meanings summery:

• कर्ण (karṇa) - Karna (name of a Kuru warrior)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• आचार्यम् (ācāryam) - Drona, the preceptor (teacher, preceptor, master)

• मा (mā) - do not (prohibitive particle), not

• विगर्हस्व (vigarhasva) - do not blame (blame, criticize, reproach)

• शक्त्या (śaktyā) - with all his might (with power, by strength, with all might)

• युध्यति (yudhyati) - fights, wages war

• असौ (asau) - he (referring to Drona) (that, that one)

• द्विजः (dvijaḥ) - Brahmin (referring to Drona) (twice-born, Brahmin, bird, snake)

• अजय्यान् (ajayyān) - unconquerable, invincible

• पाण्डवान् (pāṇḍavān) - the Pandavas (sons of Pandu)

• मन्ये (manye) - I think, I consider, I believe

• द्रोणेन (droṇena) - by Drona

• अस्त्रविदा (astravidā) - by the expert in weapons (by the knower of weapons, by the expert in missiles)

• मृधे (mṛdhe) - in battle, in combat

Words meanings and morphology

कर्ण (karṇa) - Karna (name of a Kuru warrior)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of karṇa

karṇa - Karna (name of a hero in the Mahabharata)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect (Lit)

Root vac- 'to speak', perfect tense, third person singular, active voice.

Root: vac (class 2)

आचार्यम् (ācāryam) - Drona, the preceptor (teacher, preceptor, master)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ācārya

ācārya - teacher, preceptor, master

Prefix: ā

Root: car (class 1)

Note: Object of 'vigarhasva'.

मा (mā) - do not (prohibitive particle), not

(indeclinable)

Note: Used with imperative for prohibition.

विगर्हस्व (vigarhasva) - do not blame (blame, criticize, reproach)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, imperative (loṭ) of garh

Imperative (Ātmanepada)

Root garh- 'to blame', class 1, imperative, second person singular, middle voice.

Prefix: vi

Root: garh (class 1)

Note: Used with 'mā' for prohibition.

शक्त्या (śaktyā) - with all his might (with power, by strength, with all might)

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of śakti

śakti - power, strength, energy, capability (śakti)

Root: śak (class 5)

युध्यति (yudhyati) - fights, wages war

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of yudh

Present Indicative

Root yudh- 'to fight', class 4, present tense, third person singular, active voice.

Root: yudh (class 4)

असौ (asau) - he (referring to Drona) (that, that one)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of adas

adas - that, that one

द्विजः (dvijaḥ) - Brahmin (referring to Drona) (twice-born, Brahmin, bird, snake)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dvija

dvija - twice-born, Brahmin, bird, snake

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dvi+jan)

• dvi – two
  numeral
• jan – to be born
  root
  Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Qualifies 'asau' (Drona).

अजय्यान् (ajayyān) - unconquerable, invincible

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of ajayya

ajayya - unconquerable, invincible

Gerundive

From root ji- 'to conquer' with prefix a- and suffix -ya.

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+jayya)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
• jayya – conquerable, vincible
  gerundive (masculine)
  Gerundive
  Root ji- 'to conquer' with suffix -ya.
  Root: ji (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'pāṇḍavān'.

पाण्डवान् (pāṇḍavān) - the Pandavas (sons of Pandu)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - son of Pandu, Pandava

Derived from Pandu.

Note: Object of 'manye'.

मन्ये (manye) - I think, I consider, I believe

(verb)

1st person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of man

Present Indicative (Ātmanepada)

Root man- 'to think', class 4, present tense, first person singular, middle voice.

Root: man (class 4)

द्रोणेन (droṇena) - by Drona

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of droṇa

droṇa - Drona (the preceptor of Pandavas and Kauravas)

अस्त्रविदा (astravidā) - by the expert in weapons (by the knower of weapons, by the expert in missiles)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of astravid

astravid - knower of weapons, expert in missiles

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (astra+vid)

• astra – weapon, missile
  noun (neuter)
• vid – knower, expert
  noun (masculine)
  From root vid- 'to know'.
  Root: vid (class 2)

Note: Qualifies 'droṇena'.

मृधे (mṛdhe) - in battle, in combat

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of mṛdh

mṛdh - battle, combat, conflict