महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-96, verse-24

एतच्छत्रात्परिभ्रष्टं सलिलं सोमनिर्मलम् ।
तमसा मूर्छितं याति येन नार्छति दर्शनम् ॥२४॥

24. etacchatrātparibhraṣṭaṁ salilaṁ somanirmalam ,
tamasā mūrchitaṁ yāti yena nārchati darśanam.

24. etat chatrāt paribhraṣṭam salilam somanirmalam
tamasā mūrchitam yāti yena na ārcchati darśanam

24. The water, pure like the moon, that has fallen from this canopy, becomes obscured by darkness, so that it is not visible.

Words meanings summery:

• एतत् (etat) - this

• छत्रात् (chatrāt) - from the umbrella, from the canopy

• परिभ्रष्टम् (paribhraṣṭam) - fallen, descended, slipped

• सलिलम् (salilam) - water

• सोमनिर्मलम् (somanirmalam) - pure like Soma, pure as the moon

• तमसा (tamasā) - by darkness, by gloom

• मूर्छितम् (mūrchitam) - obscured, fainted, bewildered, thickened

• याति (yāti) - it goes, it moves, it proceeds

• येन (yena) - by which

• न (na) - not

• आर्च्छति (ārcchati) - attains, reaches, perceives

• दर्शनम् (darśanam) - sight, vision, perception

Words meanings and morphology

एतत् (etat) - this

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of etat

etat - this, that

छत्रात् (chatrāt) - from the umbrella, from the canopy

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of chatra

chatra - umbrella, parasol, canopy, royal emblem

Note: Source of falling water

परिभ्रष्टम् (paribhraṣṭam) - fallen, descended, slipped

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of paribhraṣṭa

paribhraṣṭa - fallen, dropped, deviated, lost

Past Passive Participle

Derived from prefix pari- and verb root bhraṃś (to fall) + kta suffix

Prefix: pari

Root: bhraṃś (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'salilam'

सलिलम् (salilam) - water

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of salila

salila - water

सोमनिर्मलम् (somanirmalam) - pure like Soma, pure as the moon

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of somanirmala

somanirmala - pure as Soma, pure as the moon

Compound type : bahuvrīhi or tatpuruṣa (soma+nirmala)

• soma – Soma (a divine drink), moon
  noun (masculine)
• nirmala – pure, clear, spotless
  adjective (neuter)
  Compound of nis- + mala
  Prefix: nis

Note: Adjective for 'salilam'

तमसा (tamasā) - by darkness, by gloom

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of tamas

tamas - darkness, gloom, ignorance, quality of inertia (tamas)

Note: Agent of 'mūrchitam'

मूर्छितम् (mūrchitam) - obscured, fainted, bewildered, thickened

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of mūrchita

mūrchita - fainted, unconscious, obscured, thickened, bewildered

Past Passive Participle

Derived from verb root mūrch (to faint, to thicken, to become dense, to be obscured) + kta suffix

Root: mūrch (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'salilam'

याति (yāti) - it goes, it moves, it proceeds

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of yā

Present tense, class 2

Root: yā (class 2)

Note: Null subject (salilam)

येन (yena) - by which

(pronoun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of yat

yat - who, which, what

Note: Refers to 'tamasā mūrchitam' (being obscured by darkness)

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

Note: Negation

आर्च्छति (ārcchati) - attains, reaches, perceives

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of ṛcch

Present tense, class 6, with prefix ā

Prefix: ā

Root: ṛcch (class 6)

Note: Used with 'na'

दर्शनम् (darśanam) - sight, vision, perception

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of darśana

darśana - seeing, sight, vision, perception, doctrine

action noun

Derived from verb root dṛś (to see) + ana suffix

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Object of 'ārcchati'