महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-96, verse-22

एतच्छत्रं नरेन्द्राणां महच्छक्रेण भाषितम् ।
पुत्राः सलिलराजस्य धारयन्ति महोदयम् ॥२२॥

22. etacchatraṁ narendrāṇāṁ mahacchakreṇa bhāṣitam ,
putrāḥ salilarājasya dhārayanti mahodayam.

22. etat chatram narendrāṇām mahat śakreṇa bhāṣitam
putrāḥ salilarājasya dhārayanti mahodayam

22. This great canopy for kings was declared by Indra. The sons of the lord of waters (clouds) bear great prosperity.

Words meanings summery:

• एतत् (etat) - this

• छत्रम् (chatram) - umbrella, canopy, parasol

• नरेन्द्राणाम् (narendrāṇām) - of kings, of rulers

• महत् (mahat) - great, large, important

• शक्रेण (śakreṇa) - by Indra

• भाषितम् (bhāṣitam) - spoken, declared, said

• पुत्राः (putrāḥ) - sons

• सलिलराजस्य (salilarājasya) - of the lord of waters (referring to clouds as his 'sons') (of the king of waters, of the ocean)

• धारयन्ति (dhārayanti) - they hold, they bear, they sustain, they bestow

• महोदयम् (mahodayam) - great prosperity, great abundance, great rise, magnificent object

Words meanings and morphology

एतत् (etat) - this

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of etat

etat - this, that

छत्रम् (chatram) - umbrella, canopy, parasol

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of chatra

chatra - umbrella, parasol, canopy, royal emblem

नरेन्द्राणाम् (narendrāṇām) - of kings, of rulers

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of narendra

narendra - king, lord of men

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nara+indra)

• nara – man, human being
  noun (masculine)
• indra – Indra, lord, chief
  proper noun (masculine)

महत् (mahat) - great, large, important

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, vast, noble, important

Note: Adjective for 'chatram'

शक्रेण (śakreṇa) - by Indra

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of śakra

śakra - Indra (epithet meaning 'powerful')

Note: Agent of 'bhāṣitam'

भाषितम् (bhāṣitam) - spoken, declared, said

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of bhāṣita

bhāṣita - spoken, said, declared

Past Passive Participle

Derived from verb root bhāṣ (to speak, say) + kta suffix

Root: bhāṣ (class 1)

Note: Functions as a participle modifying 'chatram'

पुत्राः (putrāḥ) - sons

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of putra

putra - son, child

Note: Subject of 'dhārayanti'

सलिलराजस्य (salilarājasya) - of the lord of waters (referring to clouds as his 'sons') (of the king of waters, of the ocean)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of salilarāja

salilarāja - king of waters, ocean, Varuṇa

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (salila+rājan)

• salila – water
  noun (neuter)
• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)

Note: Possessive for 'putrāḥ'

धारयन्ति (dhārayanti) - they hold, they bear, they sustain, they bestow

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of dhṛ

Causative present

Causative of dhṛ (class 1 or 10) -> dhārayati

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

महोदयम् (mahodayam) - great prosperity, great abundance, great rise, magnificent object

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mahodaya

mahodaya - great prosperity, great rise, great blessing, magnificent, successful issue

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahat+udaya)

• mahat – great, large, vast, noble
  adjective (neuter)
• udaya – rise, prosperity, abundance, dawn, auspicious event
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from ut-i (to go up)
  Prefix: ud
  Root: i (class 2)

Note: Object of 'dhārayanti'