महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-13, verse-24

प्रयता च निशां देवीमुपातिष्ठत तत्र सा ।
पतिव्रतात्वात्सत्येन सोपश्रुतिमथाकरोत् ॥२४॥

24. prayatā ca niśāṁ devīmupātiṣṭhata tatra sā ,
pativratātvātsatyena sopaśrutimathākarot.

24. prayatā ca niśām devīm upātiṣṭhata tatra sā
pativratātvāt satyena sā upaśrutim atha akarot

24. And she, devout and pure, there worshipped the divine Night (devī niśā). Then, by the power of her devotion to her husband (pativratā) and her truthfulness, she brought forth an oracle (upaśruti).

Words meanings summery:

• प्रयता (prayatā) - devout and pure (restrained, pure, devout, attentive)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• निशाम् (niśām) - the Night (night)

• देवीम् (devīm) - divine (used as an adjective for niśā) (goddess)

• उपातिष्ठत (upātiṣṭhata) - she worshipped (she approached, she worshipped, she stood near)

• तत्र (tatra) - there (where she was) (there, in that place)

• सा (sā) - she (Damayantī) (she, that (feminine))

• पतिव्रतात्वात् (pativratātvāt) - by the power of her devotion to her husband (on account of being a devoted wife, by devotion to husband)

• सत्येन (satyena) - by her truthfulness (by truth, by truthfulness)

• उपश्रुतिम् (upaśrutim) - an oracle (upaśruti) (an oracle, a voice from unseen, an omen)

• अथ (atha) - then (then, next, now)

• अकरोत् (akarot) - she brought forth, she produced (she made, she did, she caused)

Words meanings and morphology

प्रयता (prayatā) - devout and pure (restrained, pure, devout, attentive)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of prayatā

prayatā - self-controlled, pure, devout, prepared (feminine)

Past Passive Participle

From pra- + yam (to restrain) + kta (pp. suffix). Feminine form.

Prefix: pra

Root: yam (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'sā'.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

निशाम् (niśām) - the Night (night)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of niśā

niśā - night

Note: Object of 'upātiṣṭhata'.

देवीम् (devīm) - divine (used as an adjective for niśā) (goddess)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of devī

devī - goddess, queen

Note: Agrees with 'niśām'.

उपातिष्ठत (upātiṣṭhata) - she worshipped (she approached, she worshipped, she stood near)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, past imperfect (laṅ) of sthā

Imperfect tense, middle voice.

Root 'sthā' (1st class) with upasarga 'upa-'. Implies reverential approach/worship in this context.

Prefix: upa

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: The initial 'a' of the imperfect combines with 'upa' to become 'upā'.

तत्र (tatra) - there (where she was) (there, in that place)

(indeclinable)

सा (sā) - she (Damayantī) (she, that (feminine))

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, she, he, it

Note: Subject of 'upātiṣṭhata' and 'akarot'.

पतिव्रतात्वात् (pativratātvāt) - by the power of her devotion to her husband (on account of being a devoted wife, by devotion to husband)

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of pativratātva

pativratātva - the state of being a devoted wife, devotion to one's husband

Derived from 'pativratā' (devoted wife) + 'tva' (abstract noun suffix).

Note: Expresses cause or reason.

सत्येन (satyena) - by her truthfulness (by truth, by truthfulness)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of satya

satya - truth, true, real

From 'sat' (being, existence) + 'ya' (suffix).

Root: as (class 2)

Note: Expresses means.

उपश्रुतिम् (upaśrutim) - an oracle (upaśruti) (an oracle, a voice from unseen, an omen)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of upaśruti

upaśruti - hearing, listening, an oracle, a voice from an unknown source

From upa- + śru (to hear) + ktin (suffix).

Prefix: upa

Root: śru (class 5)

अथ (atha) - then (then, next, now)

(indeclinable)

अकरोत् (akarot) - she brought forth, she produced (she made, she did, she caused)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of kṛ

Imperfect tense, active voice.

Root 'kṛ' (8th class).

Root: kṛ (class 8)