महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-104, verse-5

नारद उवाच ।
दुर्लभो वै सुहृच्छ्रोता दुर्लभश्च हितः सुहृत् ।
तिष्ठते हि सुहृद्यत्र न बन्धुस्तत्र तिष्ठति ॥५॥

5. nārada uvāca ,
durlabho vai suhṛcchrotā durlabhaśca hitaḥ suhṛt ,
tiṣṭhate hi suhṛdyatra na bandhustatra tiṣṭhati.

5. nārada uvāca durlabhaḥ vai suhṛt śrotā durlabhaḥ ca hitaḥ
suhṛt tiṣṭhate hi suhṛt yatra na bandhuḥ tatra tiṣṭhati

5. Nārada said: Truly, a sympathetic listener is rare, and a beneficial friend (suhṛd) is also rare. Indeed, where a true friend (suhṛd) stands firm, a [mere] kinsman (bandhu) does not stand firm there [in the same way].

Words meanings summery:

• नारद (nārada) - Nārada (Nārada (proper noun))

• उवाच (uvāca) - said (he said, he spoke)

• दुर्लभः (durlabhaḥ) - rare (rare, difficult to obtain, scarce)

• वै (vai) - truly (indeed, truly, certainly)

• सुहृत् (suhṛt) - sympathetic (used as adj for listener) (friend, well-wisher)

• श्रोता (śrotā) - listener (listener, hearer)

• दुर्लभः (durlabhaḥ) - rare (rare, difficult to obtain, scarce)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• हितः (hitaḥ) - beneficial (beneficial, salutary, good, placed, suitable)

• सुहृत् (suhṛt) - friend (suhṛd) (friend, well-wisher)

• तिष्ठते (tiṣṭhate) - stands firm, remains (stands, remains, stays)

• हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, surely, for, because)

• सुहृत् (suhṛt) - true friend (suhṛd) (friend, well-wisher)

• यत्र (yatra) - where (where, in which place)

• न (na) - not (not, no, nor)

• बन्धुः (bandhuḥ) - kinsman (bandhu) (kinsman, relative, friend)

• तत्र (tatra) - there (there, in that place, in that case)

• तिष्ठति (tiṣṭhati) - stands firm, remains (stands, remains, stays, exists)

Words meanings and morphology

नारद (nārada) - Nārada (Nārada (proper noun))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nārada

nārada - Name of a divine sage, messenger of the gods, son of Brahmā.

Note: Subject of 'uvāca'.

उवाच (uvāca) - said (he said, he spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of vac

perfect tense (lit)

Irregular perfect tense form of root vac.

Root: vac (class 2)

दुर्लभः (durlabhaḥ) - rare (rare, difficult to obtain, scarce)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of durlabha

durlabha - difficult to obtain, rare, scarce, hard to find

Compound of dur (bad, difficult) + labha (obtainable).

Compound type : tatpurusha (dur+labha)

• dur – bad, difficult, ill
  indeclinable
  Prefix indicating difficulty or badness.
• labha – getting, obtaining, gain
  noun (masculine)
  From root labh (to obtain).
  Root: labh (class 1)

Note: Predicative adjective for 'śrotā' and 'suhṛt'.

वै (vai) - truly (indeed, truly, certainly)

(indeclinable)

Emphatic particle.

सुहृत् (suhṛt) - sympathetic (used as adj for listener) (friend, well-wisher)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of suhṛd

suhṛd - a friend, a well-wisher, kind-hearted

Composed of su (good) + hṛd (heart).

Note: Acts as an adjective for 'śrotā' here.

श्रोता (śrotā) - listener (listener, hearer)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śrotṛ

śrotṛ - a hearer, a listener, an auditor

agent noun

From root śru (to hear) + tṛ suffix.

Root: śru (class 5)

दुर्लभः (durlabhaḥ) - rare (rare, difficult to obtain, scarce)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of durlabha

durlabha - difficult to obtain, rare, scarce, hard to find

Compound of dur (bad, difficult) + labha (obtainable).

Compound type : tatpurusha (dur+labha)

• dur – bad, difficult, ill
  indeclinable
  Prefix indicating difficulty or badness.
• labha – getting, obtaining, gain
  noun (masculine)
  From root labh (to obtain).
  Root: labh (class 1)

Note: Predicative adjective for 'suhṛt'.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

Note: Connects two parallel statements.

हितः (hitaḥ) - beneficial (beneficial, salutary, good, placed, suitable)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hita

hita - beneficial, salutary, good, suitable, fit, placed

Past Passive Participle

From root dhā (to place, put) with prefix hi; or root hita (to benefit).

Root: dhā / hi (class 3)

Note: Adjective agreeing with 'suhṛt'.

सुहृत् (suhṛt) - friend (suhṛd) (friend, well-wisher)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of suhṛd

suhṛd - a friend, a well-wisher, kind-hearted

Composed of su (good) + hṛd (heart).

Note: Subject of implied 'is'.

तिष्ठते (tiṣṭhate) - stands firm, remains (stands, remains, stays)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of sthā

present tense

Present middle voice 3rd person singular of root sthā (Class 1, parasmaipada/atmanepada).

Root: sthā (class 1)

हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, surely, for, because)

(indeclinable)

Emphatic or causal particle.

सुहृत् (suhṛt) - true friend (suhṛd) (friend, well-wisher)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of suhṛd

suhṛd - a friend, a well-wisher, kind-hearted

Composed of su (good) + hṛd (heart).

Note: Subject of 'tiṣṭhate'.

यत्र (yatra) - where (where, in which place)

(indeclinable)

Adverb of place.

न (na) - not (not, no, nor)

(indeclinable)

बन्धुः (bandhuḥ) - kinsman (bandhu) (kinsman, relative, friend)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bandhu

bandhu - a kinsman, a relative, a friend, a connection

Root: bandh (class 9)

Note: Subject of 'tiṣṭhati'.

तत्र (tatra) - there (there, in that place, in that case)

(indeclinable)

Adverb of place. Correlates with 'yatra'.

तिष्ठति (tiṣṭhati) - stands firm, remains (stands, remains, stays, exists)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of sthā

present tense

Present active voice 3rd person singular of root sthā (Class 1, parasmaipada).

Root: sthā (class 1)