महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-104, verse-19

विश्वामित्रस्तु शिष्यस्य गालवस्य तपस्विनः ।
शुश्रूषया च भक्त्या च प्रीतिमानित्युवाच तम् ।
अनुज्ञातो मया वत्स यथेष्टं गच्छ गालव ॥१९॥

19. viśvāmitrastu śiṣyasya gālavasya tapasvinaḥ ,
śuśrūṣayā ca bhaktyā ca prītimānityuvāca tam ,
anujñāto mayā vatsa yatheṣṭaṁ gaccha gālava.

19. viśvāmitraḥ tu śiṣyasya gālavasya
tapasvinaḥ śuśrūṣayā ca bhaktyā ca
prītimān iti uvāca tam anujñātaḥ
mayā vatsa yatheṣṭam gaccha gālava

19. Viśvāmitra, indeed, pleased by the service and devotion (bhakti) of his ascetic disciple Gālava, then said to him: 'My dear son, Gālava, you are permitted by me, go as you desire.'

Words meanings summery:

• विश्वामित्रः (viśvāmitraḥ) - Viśvāmitra (name of a sage)

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

• शिष्यस्य (śiṣyasya) - of the disciple, of the student

• गालवस्य (gālavasya) - of Gālava

• तपस्विनः (tapasvinaḥ) - of the ascetic, of the one practicing austerity (tapas)

• शुश्रूषया (śuśrūṣayā) - by service, by obedience, by attendance

• च (ca) - and, also

• भक्त्या (bhaktyā) - by devotion (bhakti), by loyalty

• च (ca) - and, also

• प्रीतिमान् (prītimān) - pleased, delighted, possessing pleasure

• इति (iti) - thus, so, indicates direct speech

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• तम् (tam) - him, to him

• अनुज्ञातः (anujñātaḥ) - permitted, allowed, commanded

• मया (mayā) - by me

• वत्स (vatsa) - dear child, son

• यथेष्टम् (yatheṣṭam) - as desired, according to wish

• गच्छ (gaccha) - go!

• गालव (gālava) - O Gālava

Words meanings and morphology

विश्वामित्रः (viśvāmitraḥ) - Viśvāmitra (name of a sage)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of viśvāmitra

viśvāmitra - Viśvāmitra (a famous Vedic sage, originally a king)

Compound: viśva (all) + mitra (friend)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (viśva+mitra)

• viśva – all, whole, universe
  adjective (neuter)
• mitra – friend, companion
  noun (masculine)

Note: Subject of the sentence

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

(indeclinable)

शिष्यस्य (śiṣyasya) - of the disciple, of the student

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of śiṣya

śiṣya - disciple, student

Gerundive / Future Passive Participle (one who is to be taught)

From śās (to teach)

Root: śās (class 2)

Note: Modifies Gālavasya and tapasvinaḥ

गालवस्य (gālavasya) - of Gālava

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of gālava

gālava - Gālava (a proper name, name of a sage's son/disciple)

तपस्विनः (tapasvinaḥ) - of the ascetic, of the one practicing austerity (tapas)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tapasvin

tapasvin - ascetic, one who practices austerity (tapas)

From tapas + vin (possessive suffix)

Note: Modifies Gālavasya

शुश्रूषया (śuśrūṣayā) - by service, by obedience, by attendance

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of śuśrūṣā

śuśrūṣā - desire to hear, obedience, service, attendance

Desiderative nominalization

From desiderative stem of śru (to hear)

Root: śru (class 5)

Note: Indicates means by which Viśvāmitra was pleased.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

भक्त्या (bhaktyā) - by devotion (bhakti), by loyalty

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of bhakti

bhakti - devotion, loyalty, attachment, worship (bhakti)

From bhaj (to divide, distribute, partake, worship)

Root: bhaj (class 1)

Note: Indicates means by which Viśvāmitra was pleased.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

प्रीतिमान् (prītimān) - pleased, delighted, possessing pleasure

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prītimat

prītimat - pleased, delighted, possessing pleasure/love

Possessive adjective

From prīti (pleasure, joy) + matup (possessive suffix)

इति (iti) - thus, so, indicates direct speech

(indeclinable)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect tense, reduplicated

From vac

Root: vac (class 2)

तम् (tam) - him, to him

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Gālava

अनुज्ञातः (anujñātaḥ) - permitted, allowed, commanded

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of anujñāta

anujñāta - permitted, allowed, granted, commanded

Past Passive Participle

From jñā with anu

Prefix: anu

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Qualifies 'you' (implied subject, Gālava)

मया (mayā) - by me

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

Note: Agent in passive construction

वत्स (vatsa) - dear child, son

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of vatsa

vatsa - calf, dear child, son

Note: Addressed to Gālava

यथेष्टम् (yatheṣṭam) - as desired, according to wish

(indeclinable)

Compound: yathā + iṣṭa

Compound type : avyayībhāva (yathā+iṣṭa)

• yathā – as, just as, in what manner
  indeclinable
• iṣṭa – desired, wished for, beloved, worshipped
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From iṣ (to wish, desire)
  Root: iṣ (class 6)

Note: Adverb modifying gaccha

गच्छ (gaccha) - go!

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (lot) of gam

Root: gam (class 1)

गालव (gālava) - O Gālava

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of gālava

gālava - Gālava (a proper name)