महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-104, verse-21

दक्षिणां कां प्रयच्छामि भवते गुरुकर्मणि ।
दक्षिणाभिरुपेतं हि कर्म सिध्यति मानवम् ॥२१॥

21. dakṣiṇāṁ kāṁ prayacchāmi bhavate gurukarmaṇi ,
dakṣiṇābhirupetaṁ hi karma sidhyati mānavam.

21. dakṣiṇām kām prayacchāmi bhavate gurukarmaṇi
dakṣiṇābhiḥ upetam hi karma sidhyati mānavam

21. What sacrificial fee (dakṣiṇā) shall I offer to you for the teacher's service? For indeed, a human endeavor (karma) accompanied by sacrificial fees (dakṣiṇā) is successful.

Words meanings summery:

• दक्षिणाम् (dakṣiṇām) - sacrificial fee, gift, donation

• काम् (kām) - what, which

• प्रयच्छामि (prayacchāmi) - shall I offer, shall I give

• भवते (bhavate) - to you (honorific)

• गुरुकर्मणि (gurukarmaṇi) - for the teacher's task, in the guru's service

• दक्षिणाभिः (dakṣiṇābhiḥ) - by sacrificial fees, with gifts

• उपेतम् (upetam) - accompanied, endowed, joined with

• हि (hi) - indeed, for, because

• कर्म (karma) - action, deed, ritual, endeavor (karma)

• सिध्यति (sidhyati) - succeeds, is accomplished, is fulfilled

• मानवम् (mānavam) - human, pertaining to man, human endeavor

Words meanings and morphology

दक्षिणाम् (dakṣiṇām) - sacrificial fee, gift, donation

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of dakṣiṇā

dakṣiṇā - sacrificial fee, gift, offering, donation; south, right (side)

Note: Object of prayacchāmi

काम् (kām) - what, which

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of kim

kim - what, which, who

Note: Interrogative pronoun, modifies dakṣiṇām

प्रयच्छामि (prayacchāmi) - shall I offer, shall I give

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (lat) of pradā

Present indicative

From dā with pra. The root dā changes to yacch in present system with pra.

Prefix: pra

Root: dā (class 3)

भवते (bhavate) - to you (honorific)

(pronoun)

Dative, masculine, singular of bhavat

bhavat - your honor, you (honorific)

Present Active Participle of bhū used as honorific pronoun.

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Addressed to Viśvāmitra

गुरुकर्मणि (gurukarmaṇi) - for the teacher's task, in the guru's service

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of gurukarman

gurukarman - the guru's task, service to a guru, teacher's ritual

Compound: guru (teacher) + karman (action/task)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (guru+karman)

• guru – teacher, preceptor, respected elder (guru)
  noun (masculine)
  Root: gṛ (class 6)
• karman – action, deed, work, ritual, destiny (karma)
  noun (neuter)
  From kṛ (to do)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Indicates the purpose or context of the offering.

दक्षिणाभिः (dakṣiṇābhiḥ) - by sacrificial fees, with gifts

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, plural of dakṣiṇā

dakṣiṇā - sacrificial fee, gift, offering, donation; south, right (side)

Note: Means by which karma is upetam

उपेतम् (upetam) - accompanied, endowed, joined with

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of upeta

upeta - approached, accompanied, endowed with, possessed of

Past Passive Participle

From i (to go) with upa

Prefix: upa

Root: i (class 2)

Note: Qualifies karma

हि (hi) - indeed, for, because

(indeclinable)

Note: Explanatory particle

कर्म (karma) - action, deed, ritual, endeavor (karma)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of karman

karman - action, deed, work, ritual, destiny (karma)

From kṛ (to do)

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Subject of sidhyati

सिध्यति (sidhyati) - succeeds, is accomplished, is fulfilled

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (lat) of sidh

Present indicative

Root: sidh (class 4)

मानवम् (mānavam) - human, pertaining to man, human endeavor

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of mānava

mānava - human, pertaining to man, descendant of Manu

From manu (man) + aṇ (patronymic suffix)

Note: Adjective qualifying karma