महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-104, verse-10

विश्वामित्रोऽथ संभ्रान्तः श्रपयामास वै चरुम् ।
परमान्नस्य यत्नेन न च स प्रत्यपालयत् ॥१०॥

10. viśvāmitro'tha saṁbhrāntaḥ śrapayāmāsa vai carum ,
paramānnasya yatnena na ca sa pratyapālayat.

10. viśvāmitraḥ atha saṃbhrāntaḥ śrapayāmāsa vai
carum paramānṇasya yatnena na ca saḥ pratyapālayat

10. Then, Viśvāmitra, agitated, diligently cooked the sacred porridge (caru). But he did not wait (for it to be ready/cool).

Words meanings summery:

• विश्वामित्रः (viśvāmitraḥ) - the sage Viśvāmitra (Viśvāmitra)

• अथ (atha) - then (then, thereupon, now)

• संभ्रान्तः (saṁbhrāntaḥ) - agitated, bewildered (due to hunger and effort) (bewildered, agitated, confused)

• श्रपयामास (śrapayāmāsa) - cooked (cooked, caused to cook)

• वै (vai) - indeed (indeed, certainly, surely)

• चरुम् (carum) - sacred porridge (caru) (sacrificial porridge, oblation)

• परमान्णस्य (paramānṇasya) - of the best/sacred food (referring to the caru) (of excellent food)

• यत्नेन (yatnena) - with great effort (with effort, diligently, carefully)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• च (ca) - but (connects two clauses, implying a contrast) (and, also, moreover)

• सः (saḥ) - he (Viśvāmitra) (he, that)

• प्रत्यपालयत् (pratyapālayat) - did not wait (for it to be ready/cool) (did not wait, did not protect/guard)

Words meanings and morphology

विश्वामित्रः (viśvāmitraḥ) - the sage Viśvāmitra (Viśvāmitra)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of viśvāmitra

viśvāmitra - name of a celebrated Vedic sage; friend of all

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (viśva+mitra)

• viśva – all, whole, universal
  adjective
• mitra – friend, companion
  noun (masculine)

अथ (atha) - then (then, thereupon, now)

(indeclinable)

संभ्रान्तः (saṁbhrāntaḥ) - agitated, bewildered (due to hunger and effort) (bewildered, agitated, confused)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃbhrānta

saṁbhrānta - bewildered, agitated, confused, greatly disturbed

Past Passive Participle

formed from prefix 'sam' + root 'bhram' (to wander, to be confused) + suffix 'kta'

Prefix: sam

Root: bhram (class 1)

श्रपयामास (śrapayāmāsa) - cooked (cooked, caused to cook)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of śrapayāmāsa

Periphrastic Perfect

Periphrastic Perfect 3rd person singular active of causative 'śrapayati' from root 'śrā' (to boil, cook)

Root: śrā (class 1)

वै (vai) - indeed (indeed, certainly, surely)

(indeclinable)

चरुम् (carum) - sacred porridge (caru) (sacrificial porridge, oblation)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of caru

caru - sacrificial porridge, oblation of rice, barley, and pulse boiled with butter and milk

परमान्णस्य (paramānṇasya) - of the best/sacred food (referring to the caru) (of excellent food)

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of paramānṇa

paramānṇa - excellent food, sacred food, sweet rice porridge

Compound type : karmadhāraya (parama+anna)

• parama – highest, supreme, excellent, best
  adjective
• anna – food, grain, rice
  noun (neuter)

Note: Qualifies caru, implying it's made of excellent food.

यत्नेन (yatnena) - with great effort (with effort, diligently, carefully)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of yatna

yatna - effort, exertion, endeavor, diligence

Root: yat (class 1)

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - but (connects two clauses, implying a contrast) (and, also, moreover)

(indeclinable)

सः (saḥ) - he (Viśvāmitra) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

प्रत्यपालयत् (pratyapālayat) - did not wait (for it to be ready/cool) (did not wait, did not protect/guard)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of pratyapālayat

Imperfect

Imperfect 3rd person singular active, root 'pāl' (10th class or causative of 'pā') with prefix 'prati'

Prefix: prati

Root: pāl (class 10)