महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-104, verse-11

अन्नं तेन यदा भुक्तमन्यैर्दत्तं तपस्विभिः ।
अथ गृह्यान्नमत्युष्णं विश्वामित्रोऽभ्युपागमत् ॥११॥

11. annaṁ tena yadā bhuktamanyairdattaṁ tapasvibhiḥ ,
atha gṛhyānnamatyuṣṇaṁ viśvāmitro'bhyupāgamat.

11. annam tena yadā bhuktam anyaiḥ dattam tapasvibhiḥ
atha gṛhya annam atyuṣṇam viśvāmitraḥ abhyupāgamat

11. When he had eaten food given by other ascetics, Viśvāmitra then took his very hot food and approached.

Words meanings summery:

• अन्नम् (annam) - food

• तेन (tena) - by him (Viśvāmitra) (by him, by that)

• यदा (yadā) - when (when, at which time)

• भुक्तम् (bhuktam) - eaten (by him) (eaten, enjoyed)

• अन्यैः (anyaiḥ) - by other (ascetics) (by others, by different ones)

• दत्तम् (dattam) - given (by others) (given, bestowed)

• तपस्विभिः (tapasvibhiḥ) - by ascetics (by ascetics, by hermits)

• अथ (atha) - then (then, thereupon, now)

• गृह्य (gṛhya) - taking (his food) (having taken, having seized)

• अन्नम् (annam) - food

• अत्युष्णम् (atyuṣṇam) - very hot (very hot, exceedingly hot)

• विश्वामित्रः (viśvāmitraḥ) - the sage Viśvāmitra (Viśvāmitra)

• अभ्युपागमत् (abhyupāgamat) - approached (the place of sacrifice/his food) (approached, came near)

Words meanings and morphology

अन्नम् (annam) - food

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of anna

anna - food, grain, rice

Past Passive Participle

From root 'ad' (to eat) + 'kta' suffix; literally 'that which is eaten'

Root: ad (class 2)

Note: This 'annam' is the object of 'bhuktam'.

तेन (tena) - by him (Viśvāmitra) (by him, by that)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Viśvāmitra, agent in passive construction.

यदा (yadā) - when (when, at which time)

(indeclinable)

Temporal indeclinable from 'yad' (which, what)

भुक्तम् (bhuktam) - eaten (by him) (eaten, enjoyed)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of bhukta

bhukta - eaten, consumed, enjoyed, experienced

Past Passive Participle

From root 'bhuj' (to eat, enjoy) + 'kta' suffix

Root: bhuj (class 7)

Note: It agrees with 'annam' (neuter, singular, nominative), forming a passive construction.

अन्यैः (anyaiḥ) - by other (ascetics) (by others, by different ones)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of anya

anya - other, different, another

Note: It agrees with 'tapasvibhiḥ'.

दत्तम् (dattam) - given (by others) (given, bestowed)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of datta

datta - given, granted, presented, bestowed

Past Passive Participle

From root 'dā' (to give) + 'kta' suffix

Root: dā (class 3)

Note: Agrees with 'annam' and 'bhuktam'.

तपस्विभिः (tapasvibhiḥ) - by ascetics (by ascetics, by hermits)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of tapasvin

tapasvin - ascetic, hermit, one who performs austerities (tapas)

Derived from 'tapas' (austerity) + possessive suffix '-vin'

Note: Agent of 'dattam'.

अथ (atha) - then (then, thereupon, now)

(indeclinable)

गृह्य (gṛhya) - taking (his food) (having taken, having seized)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From root 'grah' (to seize, take) with suffix '-ya'. While typically used with prefixes (e.g., pragṛhya), it can appear independently in poetic contexts.

Root: grah (class 9)

अन्नम् (annam) - food

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of anna

anna - food, grain, rice

Past Passive Participle

From root 'ad' (to eat) + 'kta' suffix; literally 'that which is eaten'

Root: ad (class 2)

Note: Object of 'gṛhya'.

अत्युष्णम् (atyuṣṇam) - very hot (very hot, exceedingly hot)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of atyuṣṇa

atyuṣṇa - very hot, exceedingly hot

Compound type : praadi-samāsa (ati+uṣṇa)

• ati – over, beyond, excessively
  indeclinable
  prefix
• uṣṇa – hot, warm
  adjective (neuter)
  from root 'uṣ' (to burn)
  Root: uṣ (class 1)

Note: Agrees with the second 'annam'.

विश्वामित्रः (viśvāmitraḥ) - the sage Viśvāmitra (Viśvāmitra)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of viśvāmitra

viśvāmitra - name of a celebrated Vedic sage; friend of all

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (viśva+mitra)

• viśva – all, whole, universal
  adjective
• mitra – friend, companion
  noun (masculine)

अभ्युपागमत् (abhyupāgamat) - approached (the place of sacrifice/his food) (approached, came near)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of abhyupāgam

Imperfect

Imperfect 3rd person singular active, root 'gam' (1st class) with prefixes 'abhi' and 'upa'

Prefixes: abhi+upa

Root: gam (class 1)