महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-4, chapter-12, verse-23

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भ्रामयित्वा शतगुणं गतसत्त्वमचेतनम् ।
प्रत्यपिंषन्महाबाहुर्मल्लं भुवि वृकोदरः ॥२३॥

23. bhrāmayitvā śataguṇaṁ gatasattvamacetanam ,
pratyapiṁṣanmahābāhurmallaṁ bhuvi vṛkodaraḥ.

23. bhrāmayitvā śataguṇam gatasattvam acetanam
pratyapiṃṣan mahābāhuḥ mallam bhuvi vṛkodaraḥ

23. Having whirled the wrestler, who was now lifeless and unconscious, a hundred times, the mighty-armed Vṛkodara (Bhimasena) crushed him onto the ground.

Words meanings summery:

(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)

भ्रामयित्वा (bhrāmayitvā) - having caused to spin, having whirled

शतगुणम् (śataguṇam) - a hundredfold, a hundred times

गतसत्त्वम् (gatasattvam) - whose strength is gone, lifeless, exhausted

अचेतनम् (acetanam) - unconscious, senseless, inanimate

प्रत्यपिंषन् (pratyapiṁṣan) - He (Vṛkodara) crushed him down. Although the form is 3rd plural, context indicates a singular subject. (he/they crushed, pressed down)

महाबाहुः (mahābāhuḥ) - The mighty-armed (Vṛkodara/Bhimasena). (mighty-armed, one with great arms)

मल्लम् (mallam) - wrestler, gladiator

भुवि (bhuvi) - on the earth, on the ground

वृकोदरः (vṛkodaraḥ) - Bhimasena, one of the Pāṇḍavas, known for his voracious appetite and great strength. (Vṛkodara (a name for Bhimasena))

Words meanings and morphology

भ्रामयित्वा (bhrāmayitvā) - having caused to spin, having whirled

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund) of causative

From root 'bhram' (to wander, to spin) with causative suffix '-i-' and absolutive suffix '-tvā'.

Root: bhram (class 1)

शतगुणम् (śataguṇam) - a hundredfold, a hundred times

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śataguṇa

śataguṇa - a hundredfold, having a hundred qualities, a hundred times

Compound type : dvigu (śata+guṇa)

śata – hundred
numeral (neuter)
guṇa – fold, times, quality, attribute, string
noun (masculine)

Note: Used adverbially here.

गतसत्त्वम् (gatasattvam) - whose strength is gone, lifeless, exhausted

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of gatasattva

gatasattva - whose strength/vitality/consciousness is gone, lifeless, exhausted

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (gata+sattva)

gata – gone, departed
adjective (masculine)
Past Passive Participle
From root 'gam' (to go).
Root: gam (class 1)
sattva – strength, vitality, spirit, consciousness, being, existence
noun (neuter)

अचेतनम् (acetanam) - unconscious, senseless, inanimate

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of acetana

acetana - unconscious, senseless, inanimate

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (a+cetana)

a – not, non-
indeclinable
Negative prefix.
cetana – conscious, animate, sentient
adjective (masculine)
Root: cit (class 10)

प्रत्यपिंषन् (pratyapiṁṣan) - He (Vṛkodara) crushed him down. Although the form is 3rd plural, context indicates a singular subject. (he/they crushed, pressed down)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of apiṃṣat

Imperfect

From root 'piṣ' (to crush, grind) with preverbs 'prati' and 'api'. The 'n' ending often indicates 3rd plural, but here contextually refers to a singular subject (Vṛkodara). This might be a textual variant or a grammatical flexibility.

Prefixes: prati+api

Root: piṣ (class 7)

Note: Grammatically, 'pratyapiṃṣan' is 3rd plural. However, the subject 'Vṛkodaraḥ' is singular. Thus, 'pratyapiṃṣat' (3rd singular) is expected for agreement. The translation assumes the singular form to match the subject.

महाबाहुः (mahābāhuḥ) - The mighty-armed (Vṛkodara/Bhimasena). (mighty-armed, one with great arms)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahābāhu

mahābāhu - mighty-armed, one with great arms

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+bāhu)